Nokea
Though professional dental care is widely available in the developed world, the prevalence of cavities is much higher there. Which of the following parts of speech is widely used in the sentence?
- A. adjective
- B. noun
- C. adverb
- D. verb
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the sentence, 'widely' is used as an adverb. It modifies the adjective 'available,' describing the extent to which professional dental care is available. An adverb can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. In this case, 'widely' modifies the adjective 'available,' making it an adverb. Choice A, 'adjective,' is incorrect because 'widely' is not describing a noun. Choice B, 'noun,' is incorrect because 'widely' is not a noun. Choice D, 'verb,' is incorrect because 'widely' is not being used as a verb in the sentence.
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Which of the following statements about heat engines is true?
- A. Heat engines are the most common type of engine.
- B. Pneumatic and hydraulic motors are both types of electric engines.
- C. The three types of engines are heat engines, electric engines, and pneumatic motors.
- D. Heat engines can be broken down into combustion and non-combustion engines.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The statement that 'Heat engines can be broken down into combustion and non-combustion engines' is correct. Heat engines can indeed be categorized into combustion engines, where fuel combustion occurs, and non-combustion engines, such as steam engines, where heat is applied without combustion. This categorization helps in understanding the different mechanisms and types of heat engines available. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A is incorrect as heat engines are not the most common type of engine; internal combustion engines are more prevalent. Choice B is incorrect as pneumatic and hydraulic motors are not types of electric engines, but rather different systems that use gas (pneumatic) or liquid (hydraulic) to transmit power. Choice C is incorrect as it lists electric engines, which are not a primary classification of engines like heat engines, but rather a type of engine that uses electricity to operate.
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences includes members whose topics of study span many disciplines such as math, science, arts, humanities, public affairs, and business. Which of the following is an appropriate synonym for disciplines as it is used in the sentence?
- A. locations
- B. regions
- C. punishments
- D. fields
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this context, 'disciplines' refers to specific areas of study or fields of expertise. Therefore, the most appropriate synonym for 'disciplines' would be 'fields.' Options A, B, and C do not accurately convey the meaning of 'disciplines' in the given sentence. 'Locations' and 'regions' refer to physical places, while 'punishments' is entirely unrelated to the context of academic or professional fields of study.
Which of the following sentences has correct pronoun-antecedent agreement?
- A. The storm, which included three days of rain, was very strong, and it left half the city flooded.
- B. Each of the cars needs to be examined for damage by a mechanic; they may need repairs.
- C. The number of people who had to evacuate hasn't been confirmed, but it is small.
- D. Many people were able to take advantage of shelters, where they were kept safe from the storm.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sentence C correctly maintains the pronoun-antecedent agreement. In this sentence, the antecedent is 'number of people,' and the pronoun 'it' is used to refer back to this antecedent. The singular pronoun 'it' matches the singular antecedent 'number,' making the sentence grammatically correct.
Choice A is incorrect because it uses the plural pronoun 'they' to refer back to the singular antecedent 'storm.'
Choice B is incorrect as it uses the plural pronoun 'they' to refer back to the singular antecedent 'each of the cars.'
Choice D is incorrect because it uses the singular pronoun 'he or she' to refer back to the plural antecedent 'many people.' This creates a lack of agreement between the pronoun and its antecedent.
Parrots, among the most intelligent birds in the world, have been prized pets for many centuries; in fact, the first recorded instance of parrot training was written in the thirteenth century. Which of the following is a synonym for prized as used in the sentence?
- A. unlikely
- B. misunderstood
- C. rewarded
- D. valued
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of the sentence, 'prized' is used to describe how much people value parrots as pets. Synonyms for 'prized' in this context would include esteemed, cherished, or valued, making option D the most suitable choice. Options A, B, and C do not accurately capture the meaning of 'prized' in this sentence.
Unlike a traditional comic book, a graphic novel is released as one single publication, either in the form of one long story or an anthology. Which of the following is an appropriate synonym for traditional as it is used in the sentence?
- A. old-fashioned
- B. conventional
- C. expensive
- D. popular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this context, 'traditional' is used to describe the characteristic of a comic book that follows long-established conventions. The word 'conventional' is the most appropriate synonym because it implies something that follows standard or established practices. 'Old-fashioned' suggests something outdated, which is not the intended meaning here. 'Expensive' and 'popular' do not relate to the context of how comic books are released and do not align with the meaning of 'traditional' in this specific context.