Nokea
Through what does the infant born with hypoplastic left heart syndrome acquire oxygenated blood?
- A. The patent ductus arteriosus
- B. A ventricular septal defect
- C. The closure of the foramen ovale
- D. An atrial septal defect
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because the right side of the heart must take over pumping blood to both the lungs and systemic circulation, the ductus arteriosus must remain open to shunt the oxygenated blood from the lungs.
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Cardiac catheterization therapeutic in
- A. Infundibular pulmonary stenosis
- B. Mitral regurgitation
- C. Aortic stenosis
- D. Transposition of great vessels
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Infundibular pulmonary stenosis can be treated therapeutically with cardiac catheterization.
A toddler who has been hospitalized for vomiting due to gastroenteritis is sleeping and difficult to wake up. Assessment reveals: HR: 220 beats per minute (regular) Respiratory rate: 30 per minute BP: 84/52 Capillary refill: 3 seconds Which dysrhythmia does the nurse suspect in this child?
- A. Rapid pulmonary flutter
- B. Sinus bradycardia
- C. Rapid atrial fibrillation
- D. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SVT is typically above 200 beats per minute and can result from dehydration; the rapid rate causes low cardiac output (CO), resulting in low BP and prolonged capillary refill.
Blueberry muffin' lesions seen in rubella is due to
- A. Dermal erythropoiesis
- B. Thrombocytopenia
- C. Ecchymosis
- D. Vasculitis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blueberry muffin' lesions in congenital rubella are due to dermal erythropoiesis, where extramedullary hematopoiesis occurs in the skin.
A woman who works as a data entry clerk is concerned as to how recent diagnosis of Raynaud's syndrome is going to affect her job performance. Which instruction should the nurse provide this client?
- A. Use a space heater to keep the workspace warm
- B. Keep hands elevated above the heart to prevent swelling.
- C. Wear tight gloves during work to avoid temperature fluctuations.
- D. Take frequent breaks to improve circulation in the hands.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Keeping the hands warm helps prevent vasospasms, which are characteristic of Raynaud's syndrome.
A nurse prepares a client for coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The client states, I am afraid I might die. How should the nurse respond?
- A. This is a routine surgery and the risk of death is very low.
- B. Would you like to speak with a chaplain before surgery?
- C. Tell me more about your concerns about the surgery.
- D. What support systems do you have to assist you?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging the client to express their concerns allows the nurse to provide emotional support and address specific fears.