Nokea
Tianeptin is
- A. 5-HT antagonist
- B. Nor adrenaline uptake inhibitor
- C. 5-HT reuptake enhancer
- D. Dopamine antagonist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tianeptin enhances serotonin reuptake, unlike typical SSRIs.
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One of the patient in the clinic is being treated with spironolactone. Which statement correctly describes a property of this drug?
- A. Contraindicated in heart failure, especially if severe
- B. Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubules
- C. Interferes with aldosterone synthesis
- D. Is generally preferred to a thiazide in most patients with essential hypertension
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spironolactone blocks aldosterone receptors, not synthesis; correct answer inferred as none fully match.
GLP-1 agonists:
- A. Directly bind to a receptor in the pancreatic beta cell
- B. Have been approved for monotherapy
- C. Speed gastric emptying to decrease appetite
- D. Can be given orally once daily
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: GLP-1 agonists bind beta-cell receptors to enhance insulin release; they're not monotherapy-approved or oral .
Several processes enable a drug to reach a specific concentration in the body. Together they are called dynamic equilibrium. What are these processes? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Distribution to the active site
- B. Biotransformation
- C. Absorption from the muscle
- D. Excretion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The actual concentration that a drug reaches in the body results from a dynamic equilibrium involving several processes: Absorption from the site of entry (can be from the muscle, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract if taken orally, of the subcutaneous tissue if given by that route); Distribution to the active site; biotransformation (metabolism) in the liver; excretion from the body. Interaction with other drugs is not part of the dynamic equilibrium.
A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for Ondansetron 4 mg PO PRN for nausea and vomiting for a client who has Hyperemesis Gravidarum. The nurse should clarify which of the following parts of the prescription with the provider?
- A. Name
- B. Dosage
- C. Route
- D. Frequency
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PRN (as needed) lacks a specific frequency (e.g., every 4 hours), requiring clarification for safe administration.
A nurse is instructing a client who has a new prescription for Timolol how to insert eye drops. The nurse should instruct the client to press on which of the following areas to prevent systemic absorption of the medication?
- A. Bony orbit
- B. Nasolacrimal duct
- C. Conjunctival sac
- D. Outer canthus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pressing the nasolacrimal duct prevents systemic absorption by blocking drainage into the nasal cavity.