Nokea
Which statement is true about over-the-counter (OTC) drugs?
- A. They are not listed in the USP NF
- B. A prescription from a healthcare provider is needed
- C. They are sold without a prescription
- D. They are known only by their brand names
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: OTC medications do not require a prescription and are sold freely, listed in the USP NF, and known by both generic and brand names.
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The nurse, working on the maternity unit, receives a call from a pregnant woman asking how she can know whether a medication is safe to take while pregnant. What is the nurses best response?
- A. You can take any drug indicated as a Category A.
- B. No medications should be taken during pregnancy.
- C. Never take medication until you receive approval from your health care provider.
- D. Most medications are safe but you need to weigh benefit against risk.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The best response to a pregnant woman asking about medication usage is to talk with her obstetric practitioner because the best advice will come from someone who knows their health and pregnancy history. While Category A drugs have no known risk, they may be contraindicated by the woman's health condition or pregnancy issues and many pregnant women would not know what it means to be a Category A drug. Medications can be helpful during pregnancy if taken safely and appropriately. Although risk benefit needs to be weighed, it should occur with advice from the obstetric practitioner.
A 7-year-old boy fell off a wood pile while playing. He has been admitted to the intensive care unit with multiple broken bones and internal bleeding. What should the nurse know about drug therapy in this type of patient?
- A. Adverse effects may be decreased.
- B. Therapeutic effects may be increased.
- C. Pharmacodynamics may be altered.
- D. Pharmacokinetics remain the same
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trauma alters pharmacodynamics (drug effects), requiring careful monitoring.
The following drug is used for diabetic coma:
- A. Glibenclamid
- B. Long acting insulin preparations
- C. The rapid and intermediate acting insulin preparations
- D. Metformin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rapid and intermediate-acting insulins are used to quickly correct hyperglycemia in diabetic coma.
A nurse is preparing a prescribed dose of rabeprazole for a client with gastric ulcers. The nursing drug guide does not list treatment of gastric ulcers among the recognized indications for this drug. What should the nurse do?
- A. Administer the drug as ordered
- B. Clarify with the prescriber concerning the ordered drug
- C. Document this potential error in the client's health record
- D. Ask the client whether he or she has taken this drug before
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rabeprazole is typically for GERD, not gastric ulcers per standard indications; clarifying with the prescriber ensures safety and appropriateness.
What is the entry of drugs into the plasma?
- A. Absorption
- B. Distribution
- C. Elimination
- D. Metabolism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Absorption is the process by which a drug enters the plasma from its administration site, the first step in pharmacokinetics.