Nokea
To provide comfort to a client after a lumbar puncture, what step must the nurse take?
- A. Position the client flat for at least three hours or as directed by the physician.
- B. Keep the room well lighted and play some soothing music in the background.
- C. Help the client ambulate and perform a few light leg exercises.
- D. Provide some easy reading material to the client.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Flat positioning reduces the risk of post-lumbar puncture headache.
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In assessing Bob, which of the following complaints would indicate radial nerve injury?
- A. Pain at the fracture site
- B. Inability to extend the wrist
- C. Inability to flex the elbow
- D. Paralysis of the hand and forearm
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The radial nerve primarily controls wrist extension; inability to extend the wrist indicates radial nerve damage.
Early symptoms of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD) include changes in mood, temperament and behaviour followed by impairments in memory and concentration, and confused thinking. The infectious agent in vCJD is thought to be which of the following?
- A. MRSA.
- B. Prion.
- C. Ion.
- D. Hemaglobin.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prions are abnormal, infectious proteins that cause neurodegenerative diseases like variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD). These proteins induce the misfolding of normal cellular proteins in the brain, leading to brain damage and the characteristic symptoms of vCJD, such as mood changes, memory loss, and cognitive decline. Prion diseases are incurable and ultimately fatal, making early detection and prevention critical.
Mrs. Brown's condition has just been diagnosed as multiple sclerosis. Which of the following would be most helpful in assisting her to live with her disease?
- A. Teaching her about specific diet restrictions
- B. Explaining the need for regular daily activity, rest, and relaxation
- C. Encouraging regular appointments with a psychotherapist
- D. Explaining that complete recovery can be expected
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Regular activity, rest, and relaxation help manage symptoms.
The nurse needs to detect the presence of ischemia in a client with tissue injury. Which of the following signs and symptoms may indicate the presence of ischemia?
- A. Signs of fatigue
- B. Signs of respiratory depression
- C. Absence of a peripheral pulse
- D. Heavy swelling in the injured area
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ischemia often results in the absence of a peripheral pulse due to restricted blood flow.
In planning Mr. Smith's preoperative care to minimize the risk of an acute exacerbation, it will be most important to include
- A. discussion of postoperative care
- B. arrangements with dietary department to increase protein intake
- C. increased active and passive range-of-motion exercises
- D. time for Mr. Smith to share his feelings about the impending surgery
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exercise helps maintain joint function and reduces the risk of exacerbation.