Nokea
The corneal stroma:
- A. measures 500 um thick
- B. transmits 90% of the incoming light
- C. derives most of its oxygen from the precorneal tear film
- D. is acellular which accounts for its transparency
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The corneal stroma is approximately 500 micrometers thick and is responsible for the majority of the cornea's thickness. It transmits most of the incoming light, but its transparency is due to the regular arrangement of collagen fibers and the presence of keratocytes, not because it is acellular.
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The patient's spinal cord injury is at T4. What is the highest-level goal of rehabilitation that is realistic for this patient to have?
- A. Indoor mobility in manual wheelchair
- B. Ambulate with crutches and leg braces
- C. Be independent in self-care and wheelchair use
- D. Completely independent ambulation with short leg braces and canes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Independence in self-care and wheelchair use is realistic for T4 injuries.
A patient with a spinal cord injury (SCI) complains about a severe throbbing headache that suddenly started a short time ago. Assessment of the patient reveals increased blood pressure (168/94) and decreased heart rate (48/minute), diaphoreses, and flushing of the face and neck. What action should you take first?
- A. Administer the ordered acetaminophen (Tylenol).
- B. Check the Foley tubing for kinks or obstruction.
- C. Adjust the temperature in the patient's room.
- D. Notify the physician about the change in status.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Checking the Foley tubing is critical as it could indicate autonomic dysreflexia, a life-threatening condition in SCI patients.
When the nurse talks with a client with multiple sclerosis who has slurred speech, which nursing intervention is contraindicated?
- A. Encouraging the client to speak slowly
- B. Encouraging the client to speak distinctly
- C. Asking the client to repeat indistinguishable words
- D. Asking the client to speak louder when tired
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Asking the client to speak louder when tired can exacerbate fatigue and frustration, which is counterproductive for someone with MS.
When assessing a patient's mental status, the nurse should:
- A. Evaluate the patient's orientation, memory, and cognitive function.
- B. Measure the patient's blood pressure.
- C. Inspect the patient's skin for abnormalities.
- D. Check the patient's respiratory rate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mental status assessment involves evaluating orientation, memory, and cognitive function. Blood pressure, skin inspection, and respiratory rate are unrelated to mental status.
A graphic designer, who spends hours working on the computer, complains of a slight pain in her right hand. The client describes the pain to be more prominent at night and early in the morning. The condition is not yet serious. Which of the following measures should the nurse suggest to the designer to help alleviate the pain?
- A. Flexing the affected wrist
- B. Shaking the affected hand
- C. Using surgical intervention
- D. Applying physical therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Flexing the wrist can help relieve pressure on the median nerve, alleviating pain.