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The Dewey Decimal Classes. 000 Computer science, information, and general works 100 Philosophy and psychology 200 Religion 300 Social sciences 400 Languages 500 Science and mathematics 600 Technical and applied science 700 Arts and recreation 800 Literature 900 History, geography, and biography Jorgen is doing a project on the Ancient Greek mathematician and poet Eratosthenes. In his initial review, Jorgen learns that Eratosthenes is considered the first person to calculate the circumference of the earth, and that he is considered the first to describe geography as it is studied today.
To which section of the library should Jorgen go to find out more about the current applications of the sieve of Eratosthenes?
- A. 000
- B. 100
- C. 400
- D. 500
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Jorgen should go to the 500 section of the library, which covers science and mathematics, to find out more about the current applications of the sieve of Eratosthenes. The sieve of Eratosthenes is a mathematical tool used to determine prime numbers, making the science and mathematics section the most appropriate choice. Philosophy and psychology (100), languages (400), and computer science (000) are not the primary areas where one would typically find information on the applications of this mathematical tool.
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Follow these instructions in chronological order to transform the word into something new. What new word has been spelled?
- A. TON
- B. THIN
- C. TIN
- D. TAN
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To transform the word LOATHING into something new, we need to follow the instructions in chronological order, which is to remove letters. Starting with L-O-A-T-H-I-N-G, if we remove the letters in the order given, we are left with T-I-N, which spells the word 'TIN.' This makes choice C the correct answer. Choices A, B, and D do not follow the specific sequence of removing letters from the original word LOATHING, so they are incorrect.
Passage 1: Fairy tales, fictional stories that involve magical occurrences and imaginary creatures like trolls, elves, giants, and talking animals, are fond in similar forms throughout the world. this occurs when a story with an origin in a particular location spreads geographically to, over time, far-flung lands. All variations of the same story must logically come form a single source. As language, ideas, and goods travel from place to place through the movement of peoples, stories the catch human imagination travel as well through human retelling. Passage 2: Fairy tales capture basic, fundamental human desires and fear. they represent the most essential form of fictionalized human experience: the bad characters are pure evil the good characters are pure good, the romance of royalty (and of commoners becoming royalty) is celebrated, etc. Given the nature of the fairy tale genre, it is not surprising that many different cultures come up with similar versions of the same essential story.
On what point would the authors of both passages agree?
- A. Fairy tales have a common origin.
- B. The same fairy tale may develop independently in different cultures.
- C. There are often common elements in fairy tales from various cultures.
- D. Fairy tales depict basic human fears.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Both authors in the passages agree that fairy tales, despite originating from different cultures, often contain similar elements such as magical occurrences, mythical creatures, and fundamental human desires and fears. This suggests that there are frequent common elements found in fairy tales across different cultures. Choice A is incorrect because the authors do not specifically mention a single common origin for all fairy tales. Choice B is incorrect as the passages emphasize that similar versions of fairy tales can be found in various cultures, rather than developing independently. Choice D is incorrect as while one passage discusses how fairy tales capture basic human fears, the other passage focuses on a broader spectrum of common elements beyond fears.
The Big Book of Herbs and Herbal Medicine. Part 1: How to Grow Herbs. Chapter 1: Choosing Your Herbs Chapter 2: Planting for Herbs Chapter 3: Caring for Your Herbs. Part II: How to Cook with Herbs Chapter 4:: Herbs in Food Chapter 5: Herbs in Beverages Chapter 6: Herbs on Oils and Vinegars Part III: How to Heal with Herbs Chapter 7: Herbs for Children's Needs Chapter 8: Herbs for Adult Needs Section 8-A: Women's Needs Section 8-B: Men's Needs Chapter 9: Herbs for Immunity Chapter 10: Herbs for Respiratory Conditions Chapter 11: herbs for Digestive Conditions Chapter 12: Herbs for Detox Section 12-A: Circulatory conditions Section 12-B: Musculoskeletal Conditions Section 12-C: Endocrine Conditions Section 12-D: Topical Conditions Part IV: Alphabetical Herb Listing Chapter 13: Herbs, A-I Chapter 14: Herbs, J-O Chapter 15: Herbs P-Z Clothilde is looking for an herbal remedy to combat a recent outbreak of eczema.
In which chapter should Clothilde look for more information about how to do this?
- A. Chapter 3
- B. Chapter 4
- C. Chapter 2
- D. Chapter 1
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clothilde should look for more information on how to prune her elderberry plant and utilize the elderflowers for tea and homemade wine in Chapter 4: Herbs in Food. This chapter typically covers information on using herbs in various culinary and beverage preparations, which aligns with Clothilde's goals. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Chapter 4, specifically focusing on herbs in food, is the most relevant chapter for Clothilde's inquiry on utilizing elderflowers for tea and wine.
Passage I
Lethal force, or deadly force, is defined as the physical means to cause death or serious harm to another individual. The law holds that lethal force is only accepted when you or another person are in immediate and unavoidable danger of death or severe bodily harm. For example, a person could be beating a weaker person in such a way that they are suffering severe enough trauma that could result in death or serious harm. This would be an instance where lethal force would be acceptable and possibly the only way to save that person from irrevocable damage.
Another example of when to use lethal force would be when someone enters your home with a deadly weapon. The intruder's presence and possession of the weapon indicate mal-intent and the ability to inflict death or severe injury to you and your loved ones. Again, lethal force can be used in this situation. Lethal force can also be applied to prevent the harm of another individual. If a woman is being brutally assaulted and is unable to fend off an attacker, lethal force can be used to defend her as a last-ditch effort. If she is in immediate jeopardy of rape, harm, and/or death, lethal force could be the only response that could effectively deter the assailant.
The key to understanding the concept of lethal force is the term last resort. Deadly force cannot be taken back; it should be used only to prevent severe harm or death. The law does distinguish whether the means of one's self-defense is fully warranted, or if the individual goes out of control in the process. If you continually attack the assailant after they are rendered incapacitated, this would be causing unnecessary harm, and the law can bring charges against you. Likewise, if you kill an attacker unnecessarily after defending yourself, you can be charged with murder. This would move lethal force beyond necessary defense, making it no longer a last resort but rather a use of excessive force.
Passage II
Assault is the unlawful attempt of one person to apply apprehension on another individual by an imminent threat or by initiating offensive contact. Assaults can vary, encompassing physical strikes, threatening body language, and even provocative language. In the case of the latter, even if a hand has not been laid, it is still considered an assault because of its threatening nature.
Let's look at an example: A homeowner is angered because his neighbor blows fallen leaves into his freshly mowed lawn. Irate, the homeowner gestures a fist to his fellow neighbor and threatens to bash his head in for littering on his lawn. The homeowner's physical motions and verbal threat heralds a physical threat against the other neighbor. These factors classify the homeowner's reaction as an assault. If the angry neighbor hits the threatening homeowner in retaliation, that would constitute an assault as well because he physically hit the homeowner.
Assault also centers on the involvement of weapons in a conflict. If someone fires a gun at another person, it could be interpreted as an assault unless the shooter acted in self-defense. If an individual drew a gun or a knife on someone with the intent to harm them, it would be considered assault. However, it's also considered an assault if someone simply aimed a weapon, loaded or not, at another person in a threatening manner.
Which of the following best describes the way the passages are structured?
- A. Both passages open by defining a legal concept and then continue to describe situations in order to further explain the concept.
- B. Both passages begin with situations, introduce accepted definitions, and then cite legal ramifications.
- C. The first passage presents a long definition while the second passage begins by showing an example of assault.
- D. Both cite specific legal doctrines, then proceed to explain the rulings.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The passages are structured in a way where both begin by defining a legal concept (assault and battery) and then provide further explanations and examples to help clarify and elaborate on the concepts. Both passages open with a clear definition and then proceed to discuss the concept in various situations. Choice A is correct because it accurately captures the structure of the passages. Choice B is incorrect because the passages do not introduce accepted definitions after presenting situations; they define the legal concepts first. Choice C is incorrect because the first passage does not present a long definition, it begins by defining lethal force and then provides examples. Choice D is incorrect because while the passages explain legal concepts, they do not specifically cite legal doctrines or explain rulings.
Which of the following statements most closely correlates with the definition of the term working man?
- A. A working man is not someone who works for institutions or corporations, but someone who is well-versed in the workings of the soul.
- B. A working man is someone who is probably not involved in social activities because the physical demand for work is too high.
- C. A working man is someone who works for wages among the middle class.
- D. The working man has historically taken to the field, to the factory, and now to the screen.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Option D provides a succinct summary of the historical shifts in the type of work commonly associated with the 'working man.' It references how the working man has transitioned from agricultural fields to factories and eventually to modern society's dependence on technology, represented by the 'screen.' This progression highlights the evolution of labor and the changing landscape of work over time. Choices A, B, and C do not accurately capture the essence of a working man's historical journey through various types of labor and the societal changes that have influenced it.