Nokea
Transient dermatologic conditions are common in newborns. What is the term for temporary, tiny white bumps or cysts on the newborn’s skin, usually on the face around the cheek, nose, or chin area?
- A. newborn acne
- B. milia
- C. pustular melanosis
- D. erythema toxicum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Milia are small, harmless white bumps caused by blocked oil glands.
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A premature infant has been admitted to the NICU for both respiratory and nutritional support. When should the nurse begin discharge teaching to the family?
- A. after the infant has met goals of a mature breathing pattern and their percentile on the growth chart
- B. as the infant is extubated and transitioned to nasal cannula
- C. when the family shows interest in caring for their neonate independently
- D. as early as possible and throughout the admission
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Early and continuous discharge teaching ensures family readiness.
What is acrocyanosis in the newborn?
- A. a mildly blue or purple color of the hands and feet when the newborn is cold
- B. a common occurrence in the first few weeks of life
- C. a bluish-gray coloring around the nose and mouth in the first few hours of life as the newborn adjusts to extrauterine circulation.
- D. a bluish color to the infant’s face when the infant is resting quietly, which lasts throughout most of the first day after birth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acrocyanosis refers to mild bluish discoloration of the extremities due to immature circulatory adaptation.
Which nursing action is designed to avoid unnecessary heat loss in the newborn?
- A. Maintain room temperature at 21°C (70°F).
- B. Place a blanket over the scale before weighing the infant.
- C. Take the rectal temperature every hour to detect early changes.
- D. Undress the infant completely for assessments so that they can be finished quickly.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because placing a blanket over the scale before weighing the infant helps prevent unnecessary heat loss by keeping the baby warm during the process. This action maintains the baby's body temperature and reduces the risk of hypothermia.
A: Maintaining room temperature at 21°C may not be sufficient to prevent heat loss during specific procedures.
C: Taking rectal temperature every hour is not necessary and may expose the baby to unnecessary heat loss.
D: Undressing the infant completely for assessments can lead to rapid heat loss and should be avoided to maintain the baby's body temperature.
A mother is breastfeeding her newborn son and is experiencing signs of her breasts feeling tender and full in between infant feedings. She asks if there are any suggestions that you can provide to help alleviate this physical complaint. The ideal nursing response would be to
- A. tell the patient to wear a bra at all times to provide more support to breast tissue.
- B. have the patient put the infant to her breast more frequently.
- C. place ice packs on breast tissue after infant feeding.
- D. explain that this is a normal finding and will resolve as her breast tissue becomes more used to nursing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Breast tenderness and fullness between feedings indicate engorgement, a common issue in breastfeeding mothers.
Step 2: Putting the infant to the breast more frequently helps empty the breast and prevents engorgement.
Step 3: Regular feeding stimulates milk production and prevents discomfort.
Step 4: This approach is effective in addressing the underlying issue of engorgement.
Summary:
A: Wearing a bra at all times may not address the root cause of engorgement.
C: Ice packs can provide temporary relief but do not prevent engorgement.
D: Normalizing the issue without providing a solution does not address the discomfort.
The labor and delivery nurse understands that some neonates spontaneously take a breath once the head and chest is delivered. Which understanding does the nurse have for the neonate that requires chemical stimuli to breathe?
- A. Oxygen is applied immediately to start respirations.
- B. Carbon dioxide is administered in small doses.
- C. Mild hypoxia and decreased pH stimulates the brain.
- D. Suctioning is used to stimulate breathing efforts.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Mild hypoxia and decreased pH stimulate the brain to initiate breathing in neonates.
Step 2: This chemical stimuli trigger the respiratory centers in the brainstem.
Step 3: Oxygen administration may not be necessary as the neonate's own respiratory drive is initiated by chemical stimuli.
Step 4: Carbon dioxide administration is not needed as high levels can be harmful.
Step 5: Suctioning is not used to stimulate breathing but to clear airways if necessary.
Summary: Choice C is correct as it aligns with the physiological response of neonates to chemical stimuli for breathing, while the other choices are not relevant or could be potentially harmful.