Nokea
Trends that have contributed to the recent increase in eating disorders in the United States include a(n):
- A. more competitive workplace.
- B. increase in the number of divorces.
- C. focus on being thin as a measure of attractiveness.
- D. increase in the number of nonnutritional foods consumed.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: focus on being thin as a measure of attractiveness. This is because societal pressures and media influence have placed a strong emphasis on thinness as the ideal body type, leading to increased body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors. Option A (more competitive workplace) and B (increase in the number of divorces) are not directly linked to eating disorders, while option D (increase in the number of nonnutritional foods consumed) may contribute to health issues but not specifically to eating disorders. In conclusion, the societal focus on thinness has a significant impact on the rise of eating disorders in the United States.
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A couple in counseling reports fighting with their child when they are angry with each other. This behavior typifies:
- A. coalition
- B. indirect communication
- C. transference
- D. triangulation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Triangulation occurs when a third party (the child) is drawn into a conflict between two others, redirecting tension.
Marie is 16 years old. She has been referred to the clinic by the nurse at her school because she started a fight with a younger girl and hurt her badly. The school nurse reports that Marie has been troublesome beforeskipping school, bullying, and smoking on school grounds on several occasions. Of the following, which diagnosis is most likely?
- A. Bipolar depression
- B. Paranoid schizophrenia
- C. Conduct disorder
- D. Dysthymic disorder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Conduct disorder is characterized by a pattern of aggressive behavior and violating the rights of others, including defiance and rule breaking. The other responses are psychiatric disorders that would not be the most likely diagnosis given Maries behavior.
A patient diagnosed with a serious mental illness died suddenly at age 52. The patient lived in the community for 5 years without relapse and held supported employment the past 6 months. The distressed family asks, 'How could this happen?' Which response by the nurse accurately reflects research and addresses the family's question?
- A. A certain number of people die young from undetected diseases, and its just one of those sad things that sometimes happen.'
- B. Mentally ill people tend to die much younger than others, perhaps because they do not take as good care of their health, smoke more, or are overweight.'
- C. We will have to wait for the autopsy to know what happened. There were some medical problems, but we were not expecting death.'
- D. We are all surprised. The patient had been doing so well and saw the nurse every other week.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The family is in distress. Because they do not understand his death, they are less able to accept it and seek specific information to help them understand what happened. Persons with serious mental illness die an average of 25 years prematurely. Contributing factors include failing to provide for their own health needs (e.g forgetting to take medicine), inability to access or pay for care, higher rates of smoking, poor diet, criminal victimization, and stigma. The most accurate answer indicates that seriously mentally ill people are at much higher risk of premature death for a variety of reasons. Staff would not have been surprised that the patient died prematurely, and they would not attribute his death to random, undetected medical problems. Although the cause of death will not be reliably established until the autopsy, this response fails to address the familys need for information.
A delusion is defined as seeing something that is not real
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A delusion is a fixed false belief, not a perception (hallucination involves seeing/hearing something not real).
A client with a borderline personality disorder tells the nurse, 'My doctor tells me there's something wrong with the hard wiring of my brain, and that's why I'm so impulsive and get so many mood swings. He said he's going to prescribe some medication.' Being aware of current practice guidelines, the nurse will prepare a teaching plan for:
- A. Lithium
- B. Fluoxetine
- C. Lorazepam
- D. Haloperidol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fluoxetine. In the context of borderline personality disorder, fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), is often used to manage symptoms such as mood swings and impulsivity. SSRIs help regulate serotonin levels in the brain, which can improve mood stability and reduce impulsive behaviors.
- A: Lithium is typically used for bipolar disorder, not borderline personality disorder.
- C: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety or panic disorders, not specific to treating symptoms of borderline personality disorder.
- D: Haloperidol is an antipsychotic medication used for psychosis, not typically indicated for managing impulsivity or mood swings in borderline personality disorder.