Nokea
Trigeminal nerve impairment produces the following symptoms:
- A. plegia in half of the face
- B. ache paroxysm in half of the face
- C. disturbance of swallowing
- D. ache in half of the head
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ache paroxysm in half of the face is the correct answer because the trigeminal nerve is responsible for sensory innervation of the face and motor control of the muscles of mastication. Damage to this nerve, as seen in trigeminal neuralgia, results in severe, episodic facial pain.
You may also like to solve these questions
While shopping, Marnie Smith, RN, sees a man on the floor in the shopping center having tonic-clonic movements. Her first action is to
- A. place her pen between his teeth and over his tongue
- B. restrain the movements of the extremities
- C. place a sweater under his head
- D. turn the patient into the prone position
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Protecting the head and ensuring safety is the priority during a seizure.
Which of the following is a genetic disease that causes neurons in the brain to waste away and die?
- A. Multiple sclerosis
- B. Polio
- C. Encephalitis
- D. Huntington disease
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Huntington disease is a genetic disorder that leads to the progressive degeneration of neurons in the brain, resulting in motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms. Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease, polio is caused by a virus, and encephalitis is inflammation of the brain. Huntington disease highlights the impact of genetic mutations on neuronal health.
The effect of calcium ions on neurotransmitter release at synapses include:
- A. vesicular fusion
- B. tonic depolarization of the presynaptic neurone
- C. post-tetanic potentiation
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Calcium ions trigger vesicular fusion, contribute to post-tetanic potentiation, and can cause tonic depolarization in the presynaptic neuron. These effects are essential for synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission.
The midbrain
- A. Is largely in the middle cranial fossa
- B. Is supplied by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery
- C. Lies between pons and upper spinal cord
- D. Contains the oculomotor nuclei
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The midbrain contains the oculomotor nuclei, which control eye movement. It is located between the pons and diencephalon and is supplied by the posterior cerebral artery.
Regarding the innervation of the bladder
- A. parasympathetic innervation is via the pelvic splanchnic nerves
- B. sympathetic innervation comes from L3 and L4 segments of the cord
- C. sympathetic fibres are excitatory to the bladder
- D. bladder distension sensation travels with the sympathetic nervous system
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parasympathetic innervation of the bladder is via the pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4), which stimulate bladder contraction during urination. Sympathetic fibers inhibit bladder contraction.