Nokea
You have just admitted a patient with bacterial meningitis to the medical-surgical unit. The patient complains of a severe headache with photophobia and has a temperature of 102.6°F orally. Which collaborative intervention must be accomplished first?
- A. Administer codeine 15 mg orally for the patient's headache.
- B. Infuse ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 2000 mg IV to treat the infection.
- C. Give acetaminophen (Tylenol) 650 mg orally to reduce the fever.
- D. Give furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg IV to decrease intracranial pressure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Treating the underlying infection is the priority in bacterial meningitis.
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The patient has had RA for some time but has not had success with previous medications. Although there is an increased risk for tuberculosis, which monoclonal antibody is used with methotrexate to best treat symptoms?
- A. Parenteral gold
- B. Certolizumab (Cimzia)
- C. Tocilizumab (Actemra)
- D. Hydroxychloroquine (Paquenil)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tocilizumab targets IL-6 receptors.
A client has had multiple sclerosis (MS) for 15 years and has received various drug therapies. What is the primary reason why the nurse has found it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of the drugs that the client has used?
- A. The client exhibits intolerance to many drugs
- B. The client experiences spontaneous remissions from time to time
- C. The client requires multiple drugs simultaneously
- D. The client endures long periods of exacerbation before the illness responds to a particular drug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: MS is characterized by periods of relapse and remission, making it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of drug therapies due to spontaneous improvements.
A patient has a lesion involving the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus of the spinal cord. What should the nurse expect the patient to experience the loss of?
- A. Pain and temperature sensations
- B. Touch, deep pressure, vibration, and position sense
- C. Subconscious information about body position and muscle tension
- D. Voluntary muscle control from the cerebral cortex to the peripheral nerves
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fasciculus gracilis and cuneatus are responsible for transmitting touch, deep pressure, vibration, and position sense.
The Peripheral Nervous System is made up of the:
- A. brain and spinal cord.
- B. spinal cord and spinal nerves.
- C. spinal nerves and brain.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes all the nerves outside the central nervous system, such as spinal nerves and cranial nerves. It connects the CNS to the limbs, organs, and skin, allowing for the transmission of sensory and motor signals. The PNS is divided into the somatic nervous system, which controls voluntary movements, and the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion.
A client undergoes arthrography for an examination of the knee. What information should the nurse provide to the client?
- A. Expect crackling or clicking noises in the joint for up to 2 days.
- B. Expect fever, nausea, and vomiting for up to 2 days.
- C. Avoid dairy products for up to 2 days.
- D. Avoid potassium-rich foods for up to 2 days.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Crackling or clicking noises are common after arthrography due to the contrast medium used.