Nokea
Tuberculin purified protein derivative:
- A. Is administered to patients who are known tuberculin-positive reactors
- B. May be administered to patients who are on immunosuppressives
- C. May be administered 2 to 3 weeks after an MMR or varicella vaccine
- D. May be administered the same day as the MMR and/or varicella vaccine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: TB skin test can be given same-day as MMR/varicella; prior positives or immunosuppression complicate interpretation.
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A patient who has AIDS is at risk to contract aspergillosis. The nurse will anticipate that which antifungal medication will be ordered prophylactically for this patient?
- A. Metronidazole (Flagyl)
- B. Micafungin (Mycamine)
- C. Posaconazole (Noxafil)
- D. Voriconazole (Vfend)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Posaconazole prevents Aspergillus in AIDS; micafungin or voriconazole treat, not prevent. Posaconazole is given for prophylactic treatment of Aspergillus and Candida infections.
Which of the following drugs should be avoided in a pregnant woman because of a risk of harming the fetus?
- A. Pravastatin
- B. Cholestyramine
- C. Gemfibrozil
- D. Niacin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Statins like pravastatin are contraindicated in pregnancy due to potential teratogenic effects.
The client with small cell lung cancer is being treated with etoposide (VePesid). The nurse who is assisting in caring for the client during its administration understands that which side effect is specifically associated with this medication?
- A. Alopecia
- B. Chest pain
- C. Pulmonary fibrosis
- D. Orthostatic hypotension
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A side effect specific to etoposide is orthostatic hypotension. The client's blood pressure is monitored during the infusion. Hair loss occurs with nearly all the antineoplastic medications. Chest pain and pulmonary fibrosis are unrelated to this medication.
A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed drug via an intramuscular injection. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to do? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Always wear gloves.
- B. Cleanse skin at injection site.
- C. Place pressure on the area after removing the needle.
- D. Recap the needle before disposal.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When administering an intramuscular injection, the nurse should always wear gloves, cleanse the skin at the injection site prior to administration, aspirate for 5 to 10 seconds after inserting the needle, apply pressure to the area after removing the needle, and never recap the needle.
The nurse is caring for a patient who had a severe, acute, previously unseen adverse effect of a drug in Phase III testing. The patient asks, After all the testing done on this drug, didnt they know this adverse effect could occur? What is the nurses best response? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Phase III testing involves wide-scale population testing, which can reveal rare adverse effects not seen in earlier phases.
- B. New adverse effects can lead to further study or withdrawal of the drug.
- C. Phase I testing on healthy volunteers ensures all adverse effects are identified before patient use.
- D. Even with extensive testing, some adverse effects may only appear after widespread use.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phase III testing involves a large population, uncovering rare effects . Preclinical animal studies don't fully predict human responses (B is false). Phase I uses healthy volunteers, missing disease-specific effects (C is false). Rare effects emerge post-approval , potentially leading to further action .