Nokea
Under what circumstances should an 18-year-old patient be excluded from the decision-making process regarding his/her health?
- A. Never; by law, patients 18 years and older make their own health care decisions
- B. If the parents think that the patient is too immature to make appropriate decisions about his/her care
- C. If the patient's parents choose to represent the patient
- D. Only if the patient lacks the capacity to make medical decisions
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Legal adulthood grants decision-making rights unless capacity is impaired.
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Which is not an underlying structural dimension?
- A. Relationships
- B. Boundaries
- C. Alignment
- D. Power
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Relationships are an outcome, not a core dimension like boundaries or power.
An example of a cause for neglect at the ontogenic level is:
- A. Poor communication skills
- B. Inadequate support from the child's father
- C. Inadequate public funding
- D. Neighbourhood drain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Poor communication skills are an individual (ontogenic) factor contributing to neglect.
In what order did Freud believe the three parts of our personality develop?
- A. Ego, superego, id
- B. Superego, id, ego
- C. Id, ego, superego
- D. None of these
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Freud's order is id (birth), ego (early childhood), superego (later childhood).
It is that type of observation in which the observer becomes the part of the group which he wants to observe:
- A. Recording of Observation
- B. Participant Observation
- C. Natural Observation
- D. Good Observation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Participant observation involves the observer joining the group, per sociological methods.
How should a health care provider respond to a colleague's complaints about a patient that might reflect ethnic insensitivity?
- A. Understand that the colleague's complaints are to be expected and don't respond
- B. Emphasize the primary importance of compassion toward patients
- C. Chastise the colleague for expressing personal bias
- D. Sympathize with the colleague's complaints and draw from personal experience
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reinforcing compassion promotes professionalism and cultural sensitivity.