Foundations and Adult Health Nursing Study Guide Answers

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Upon admission for an appendectomy, the patient provides the nurse with a document that specifies instructions his healthcare team should follow in the event he is unable to communicate these wishes postoperatively. This document is best known as a/an:

  • A. informed consent
  • B. Patient's Bill of Rights
  • C. insurance card
  • D. advance directive
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: An advance directive is a legal document that specifies a person's healthcare preferences and instructions for medical treatment in the event they are unable to communicate their wishes. It typically includes decisions about life-sustaining treatments, resuscitation, and end-of-life care. In the scenario provided, the document provided by the patient to the nurse outlining his healthcare team's instructions postoperatively indicates that he has an advance directive in place to guide his medical care if necessary. In contrast, informed consent is a process in which a patient gives permission for medical treatment after being informed about the risks, benefits, and alternatives. Patient's Bill of Rights outlines the patient's rights within the healthcare system, and an insurance card provides information about the patient's insurance coverage.

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As a QA nurse, which of the following can Nurse Jen adopts as a concurrent evaluation of patient's outcomes in the unit? I Direct observation of patient's condition. II Patient's interview in the unit. III Face to face interview with nursing staff. IV Nursing audit from the patient's chart.

  • A. III & IV
  • B. I, II, III, & IV
  • C. I, II, & I
  • D. I & II
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: As a QA nurse, Nurse Jen can adopt concurrent evaluation methods to assess patient outcomes in the unit. The most appropriate options for concurrent evaluation are Face to face interview with nursing staff (III) and Nursing audit from the patient's chart (IV).

A 24-year-old woman presents with cyclic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia. On pelvic examination, tender nodules are palpated along the uterosacral ligaments. Which of the following conditions is most likely to be responsible for these findings?

  • A. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
  • B. Endometriosis
  • C. Ovarian cyst rupture
  • D. Uterine fibroids
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The symptoms of cyclic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation), dyspareunia (painful intercourse), and tender nodules along the uterosacral ligaments are classic findings associated with endometriosis. In endometriosis, tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus, commonly on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic peritoneum. The presence of tender nodules along the uterosacral ligaments is known as "nodularity" and is a characteristic feature of advanced endometriosis. It occurs due to the formation of endometrial implants that respond to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle, resulting in inflammation, scarring, and pain in affected areas.

Nurse Noli should include in his teachings the following EXCEPT:

  • A. Less saturated fat
  • B. Weight within normal limits
  • C. Exercise regularly
  • D. More fats in the diet
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Nurse Noli should include in his teachings less saturated fat, maintaining weight within normal limits, and exercising regularly as these are all components of a healthy lifestyle. However, including "more fats in the diet" goes against the principles of healthy eating and weight management. Consuming excessive amounts of fats, especially unhealthy saturated fats, can contribute to various health issues such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and other medical conditions. Therefore, it is crucial for Nurse Noli to emphasize reducing saturated fat intake rather than promoting more fats in the diet for overall health and wellness.

A patient has been advised by the psychiatrist that he needs inpatient hospitalization. The patient agrees, signs the admission forms, and agrees to receive treatment. What type of admission is this?

  • A. Formal
  • B. Informal
  • C. Voluntary
  • D. Involuntary
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: This type of admission is considered voluntary because the patient willingly agrees to be admitted to the hospital for treatment. The patient has signed the admission forms and consented to receive the necessary care, indicating a willingness to participate in their treatment plan. In a voluntary admission, the individual retains the right to make decisions about their treatment and can choose to leave the hospital against medical advice if they wish to do so.

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

  • A. History taking must be long regardless if the child appears to be well
  • B. No proper history can be obtained without observation of the child and the mother.
  • C. Nurse Nanie should refrain from asking about the illness of other members of the family.
  • D. An example of what can be elicited from a social history is how the disease started.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: An example of what can be elicited from a social history is how the disease started. This statement is true because a social history typically includes information about factors such as the onset of the illness, the child's living environment, family dynamics, and any recent events that may have contributed to the child's current condition. Understanding how the disease started can provide valuable insights into possible triggers or underlying causes, helping healthcare providers develop an appropriate treatment plan. A comprehensive social history is essential for providing holistic care to the child and addressing all relevant factors that may impact their health and well-being.

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