Nokea
Vitamin B12 deficiency may lead to:
- A. Hair loss
- B. Insomnia
- C. Dry scales on the scalp
- D. Numbness and tingling of the hands
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin B12 deficiency causes neurological symptoms like numbness and tingling due to nerve damage.
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When completing the check to ensure that the right drug is being administered to the client, which of the following should the nurse compare?
- A. Medication
- B. Container label
- C. Medication record
- D. All the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse compares the medication, container label, and medication record and then the MAR as the item is removed from the cart and before the actual administration of the drug.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Ramelteon. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following foods while taking this medication?
- A. Baked potato
- B. Fried chicken
- C. Whole-grain bread
- D. Citrus fruits
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High-fat foods like fried chicken can delay ramelteon's onset, a melatonin receptor agonist.
Anaphylactic shock is a:
- A. Type I reaction, called immediate hypersensitivity reaction
- B. Type II reaction, called cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction
- C. Type III allergic reaction, called immune complex hypersensitivity
- D. Type IV allergic reaction, called delayed hypersensitivity reaction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anaphylactic shock is a Type I immediate hypersensitivity reaction , IgE-mediated, unlike cytotoxic (II), immune complex (III), or delayed (IV).
A patient who has a long history of alcohol abuse is admitted to the hospital for detoxification. In addition to medications needed to treat withdrawal symptoms, the nurse will anticipate giving intravenous
- A. dopamine to restore blood pressure
- B. fluid boluses to treat dehydration
- C. glucose to prevent hypoglycemia
- D. thiamine to treat nutritional deficiency
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thiamine prevents Wernicke's encephalopathy in alcohol detox; glucose follows if needed. Thiamine should be given to prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy in patients treated for alcoholism.
An disorder develops lactic acidosis, and nearly dies, as a result of an uncommon but serious adverse response to therapy with an 'endocrine' drug. Which of the following was the most likely cause of this severe problem?
- A. Insulin glargine, prescribed for Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- B. Levothyroxine, prescribed to maintain euthyroid status following thyroidectomy
- C. Metformin, prescribed for Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- D. Propylthiouracil, prescribed for hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin is the most likely cause of lactic acidosis, a rare but life-threatening complication.