Nokea
Vitamin deficiencies, especially the B-complex vitamins, seldom occur in isolation. Folate, a B-complex vitamin, is the exception because it functions separately from other vitamins.
- A. Both statements are true.
- B. Both statements are false.
- C. The first statement is true; the second is false.
- D. The first statement is false; the second is true.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first statement is true; the second is false. If a deficiency of one vitamin is suspected, symptoms of other vitamin B deficiencies also may be present. Folate deficiencies usually occur with other nutrient deficiencies. Specifically, folate functions in conjunction with vitamins B12 and C in maintaining normal levels of mature red blood cells.
You may also like to solve these questions
Each statement regarding the correlation between vitamin D and sun exposure is accurate, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. The body can produce sufficient amounts of vitamin D from sunlight.
- B. UV radiation can convert a precursor of vitamin D to vitamin D3 by penetrating uncovered skin.
- C. Sunscreen blocks the formation of vitamin D3.
- D. By the age of 70 years, the skin generally produces vitamin D at only half the level it did at the age of 20 years.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: While UV radiation can penetrate uncovered skin and convert a precursor of vitamin D to vitamin D3, sunscreen does block the formation of vitamin D3. Sunscreen is recommended by dermatologists to prevent sunburn and reduce the risk of skin cancer. The other choices are correct: the body can produce sufficient vitamin D from sunlight, UV radiation can convert a precursor of vitamin D to vitamin D3, and skin generally produces less vitamin D as a person ages.
An imbalance of which nutrient may elicit delayed tooth eruption, enlarged tongue, stillbirths, altered craniofacial growth, sensitivity to cold, dry skin, depression, and goiter?
- A. Zinc
- B. Iron
- C. Sodium
- D. Potassium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Iron. The provided extract mentions that iodine deficiency can cause delayed tooth eruption, enlarged tongue, stillbirths, altered craniofacial growth, sensitivity to cold, dry skin, depression, and goiter. Zinc, Sodium, and Potassium are not associated with these specific symptoms. Zinc deficiency can lead to other health issues but not the ones mentioned. Sodium and Potassium imbalances do not typically result in the symptoms described in the question.
The principal cation in plasma and interstitial fluid is:
- A. Sodium
- B. Potassium
- C. Calcium
- D. Magnesium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The principal cation in plasma and interstitial fluid is sodium. Sodium plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance and is the primary cation in extracellular fluids like plasma and interstitial fluid. Potassium is the primary cation within cells, not in extracellular fluids, making it an incorrect choice. Calcium and magnesium are essential minerals but are not the principal cations in plasma and interstitial fluid, so they are also incorrect choices.
Complex carbohydrates contain more than 10 monosaccharides. Complex carbohydrates are also called disaccharides.
- A. Both statements are true.
- B. Both statements are false.
- C. The first statement is true; the second is false.
- D. The first statement is false; the second is true.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first statement is true; the second is false. Complex carbohydrates are also called polysaccharides and contain more than 10 monosaccharides. Choice A is incorrect because the second statement is false. Choice B is incorrect because the first statement is true. Choice D is incorrect because the second statement is false.
Each of the following nutrients provides energy except one. Which one is the exception?
- A. Proteins
- B. Carbohydrates
- C. Fats
- D. Vitamins
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Vitamins. While proteins, carbohydrates, and fats provide energy, vitamins do not. Vitamins are essential micronutrients that help regulate various biochemical processes in the body, such as metabolism and immunity. Choice A, B, and C are incorrect because proteins, carbohydrates, and fats are macronutrients that the body uses as a source of energy.