ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam

ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam Related

Review ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam related questions and content

What physiologic role does magnesium play in the body?

  • A. Blood clotting, transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction and relaxation
  • B. Calcium homeostasis, structural integrity of heart muscle
  • C. No known metabolic function, caries-preventing properties
  • D. ATP energy release; metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, proteins; regulates acid-base balance
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Magnesium plays an important role in maintaining calcium homeostasis and preventing skeletal abnormalities. It is involved in more than 300 enzymatic reactions, including energy metabolism, insulin activity, and glucose use. Magnesium is vital to the structural integrity of heart muscle and other muscles and nerves. While magnesium does play a role in blood clotting, nerve impulses, muscle contraction, relaxation, ATP energy release, and metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, proteins, the primary physiologic role of magnesium in the body is related to calcium homeostasis and maintaining the structural integrity of the heart muscle. Choice A is incorrect because it includes functions of magnesium, but they are not its primary physiologic role. Choice C is incorrect as magnesium has several known metabolic functions. Choice D is incorrect because although magnesium is involved in ATP energy release and metabolism, its primary role is related to calcium homeostasis and structural integrity of muscle.

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Which type of nutritional deficiency results from inadequate absorption?

  • A. Unmeasurable
  • B. Primary deficiency
  • C. Secondary deficiency
  • D. Codependent
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Secondary deficiency. A nutritional deficiency resulting from decreased intake is called a primary deficiency. On the other hand, a secondary deficiency refers to a vitamin deficiency caused by inadequate absorption or use, increased requirements, excretion, or destruction. Choice A, 'Unmeasurable,' is incorrect as it does not describe a type of nutritional deficiency. Choice B, 'Primary deficiency,' is incorrect as it refers to a deficiency caused by decreased intake, not inadequate absorption. Choice D, 'Codependent,' is incorrect as it is unrelated to the context of nutritional deficiencies.

Which physiologic role does vitamin C play in the body?

  • A. Transcribing DNA to RNA
  • B. Absorption and regulation of calcium
  • C. Protects integrity of cellular membranes
  • D. Catalyst for synthesis of blood-clotting factors
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Vitamin C plays a crucial role in protecting the integrity of cellular membranes. It is essential for collagen synthesis, which is important for wound healing and maintaining skin, blood vessels, and other tissues. Choice A is incorrect as the transcription of DNA to RNA is facilitated by vitamin A. Choice B is incorrect as calcium absorption and regulation are functions of vitamin D. Choice D is incorrect as vitamin K serves as a catalyst for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors, not vitamin C.

The RDA for iron is higher in premenopausal women than for men or postmenopausal women because of the blood loss during menstruation.

  • A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
  • B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
  • C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
  • D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends 18 mg of iron per day for women 19 to 50 years old, 8 mg/day for women 51 years old and older, and men 19 years old and older. During menstruation, women lose blood containing iron, leading to a higher iron requirement in premenopausal women compared to men or postmenopausal women. This increased demand aims to replenish the iron lost during this physiological process. Therefore, the statement and reason are directly linked, explaining why the RDA for iron is higher in premenopausal women than in men or postmenopausal women. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately assess the relationship between the statement and the reason provided in the question.

Each of the following nutrients provides energy except one. Which one is the exception?

  • A. Proteins
  • B. Carbohydrates
  • C. Fats
  • D. Vitamins
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Vitamins. While proteins, carbohydrates, and fats provide energy, vitamins do not. Vitamins are essential micronutrients that help regulate various biochemical processes in the body, such as metabolism and immunity. Choice A, B, and C are incorrect because proteins, carbohydrates, and fats are macronutrients that the body uses as a source of energy.

Which consumption pattern of fermentable carbohydrate is considered most cariogenic?

  • A. A single exposure to a large quantity
  • B. A single exposure to a small quantity
  • C. Multiple exposures of small quantities
  • D. Multiple exposures followed by chewing sugarless gum
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Multiple exposures of small quantities are considered most cariogenic. The total amount of dietary fermentable carbohydrate seems to matter less than the form and frequency in which it is consumed. Having multiple exposures of even small quantities of fermentable carbohydrate throughout the day promotes a highly cariogenic environment in the mouth. Choices A and B, involving single exposures, are less cariogenic as they do not sustain the fermentation process over time. Choice D suggests a beneficial practice by chewing sugarless gum after exposures, which can reduce the risk, making it less cariogenic compared to multiple exposures of small quantities.

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