Nokea
What acid-base imbalance would the nurse expect to occur from this persistent vomiting?
- A. Hyperkalemia
- B. Hypernatremia
- C. Acidosis
- D. Alkalosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Persistent vomiting causes loss of hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride, leading to metabolic alkalosis.
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Which finding in a newborn is suggestive of tracheoesophageal fistula?
- A. Failure to pass meconium in 24 hours
- B. Choking on the first feeding
- C. Palpable mass in the sternal area
- D. Visible peristalsis across abdomen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choking on the first feeding is a key indicator of tracheoesophageal fistula due to the abnormal connection between the esophagus and trachea.
What would the nurse expect the parents to report?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Projectile vomiting
- C. Poor appetite
- D. Constipation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Projectile vomiting is a hallmark symptom of pyloric stenosis due to obstruction at the pyloric sphincter.
Which nursing interventions will be implemented for the mother of a 10-month-old infant with nonorganic failure to thrive?
- A. Pointing out errors that the nurse observes when the mother is caring for the infant
- B. Discussing negative characteristics of the infant with the mother
- C. Having the nurse provide as much of the infant's care as possible
- D. Teaching the mother about the developmental milestones to expect in the next few months
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Teaching about developmental milestones provides anticipatory guidance, supporting parental care in nonorganic failure to thrive.
What would the nurse expect to find in a child admitted to the hospital for nonorganic failure to thrive?
- A. Cry to be picked up
- B. Be limp like a rag doll
- C. Be responsive to cuddling
- D. Weigh in the 10th percentile for age
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rag-doll limpness (hypotonia) is a characteristic finding in nonorganic failure to thrive, often with wariness of caregivers.
What instruction will the nurse give to parents about preventing the spread and reinfection of pinworms?
- A. Keep children's nails short.
- B. Dress child in loose-fitting underwear.
- C. Clean the bathroom with bleach solution.
- D. Wash bed linens in cold water.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Keeping nails short prevents pinworm eggs from collecting under them, reducing spread and reinfection.