Nokea
What anticipatory guidance should the nurse provide for new parents regarding sociologic changes?
- A. Explain that roles will not change at home
- B. Explain that stresses will be over now that the newborn is born.
- C. Tell the parents not to stress over household changes.
- D. Prepare them for possible strains on relationships.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Prepare them for possible strains on relationships. This guidance is important as the arrival of a newborn can bring significant changes to the dynamics of a relationship. By preparing new parents for possible strains on relationships, the nurse can help them navigate challenges together.
A: Incorrect. Roles are likely to change at home with the addition of a newborn, so it is important to address this rather than dismissing it.
B: Incorrect. Stressors may actually increase with the arrival of a newborn, so it is not accurate to say stresses will be over.
C: Incorrect. Ignoring household changes can lead to added stress, so it is not advisable to tell parents not to stress over them.
In summary, option D is correct as it addresses the potential strains on relationships that new parents may face, while the other options do not acknowledge the reality of sociologic changes that can occur.
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What should the nurse consider when the birthing person has a decrease in blood pressure after the placenta is delivered?
- A. The birthing person is in pain.
- B. Place the newborn skin-to-skin.
- C. The bladder is distended
- D. Check for possible hemorrhage.
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Based on the scenario, the decrease in blood pressure post-placenta delivery indicates potential hemorrhage, a common complication. The nurse should assess for signs of bleeding, such as excessive vaginal bleeding or tachycardia. Prompt intervention is crucial to prevent further complications. Other choices are less relevant - pain alone does not directly cause a decrease in blood pressure, skin-to-skin contact is important but not the priority in this situation, and a distended bladder can be addressed later. Assessing for possible hemorrhage is the most critical action to take in this scenario.
A woman’s pelvis is described as long and narrow with an anteroposterior diameter greater than the transverse diameter. This is known as which type of pelvis?
- A. Platypelloid
- B. Android
- C. Anthropoid
- D. Gynecoid
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Anthropoid. An anthropoid pelvis is characterized by a long and narrow shape with an anteroposterior diameter greater than the transverse diameter. This type of pelvis resembles the pelvic structure of anthropoid (higher primates) mammals. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Platypelloid pelvis is flat and broad, not long and narrow.
B: Android pelvis has a heart-shaped inlet with an android appearance, not a long and narrow shape.
D: Gynecoid pelvis is rounded and wider with a transverse diameter greater than the anteroposterior diameter, opposite of the described characteristics.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, what was revealed about the importance of labor support?
- A. Labor support can only be provided by the significant other.
- B. Laboring patients did not need support from outside sources.
- C. Outcomes for birth were not changed by pandemic requirements.
- D. Patients during the pandemic's support ban experienced more depression.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because patients who experienced a support ban during the pandemic were more likely to experience depression due to the lack of emotional and physical support during labor. This is supported by research showing the negative impact of isolation on mental health. Choices A and B are incorrect as labor support can come from various sources, not just the significant other, and patients benefit from support during labor. Choice C is incorrect as pandemic requirements did impact birth outcomes, such as increased stress and anxiety levels.
Pregnant patients can usually tolerate the normal blood loss associated with childbirth because of which physiologic adaptation to pregnancy?
- A. A higher hematocrit
- B. Increased leukocytes
- C. Increased blood volume
- D. A lower fibrinogen level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increased blood volume. During pregnancy, blood volume increases by about 40-50% to support the growing fetus and prepare for potential blood loss during childbirth. This increased blood volume helps pregnant patients tolerate the normal blood loss during delivery. A higher hematocrit (choice A) could indicate dehydration, not increased blood volume. Increased leukocytes (choice B) are related to the immune response, not blood loss tolerance. A lower fibrinogen level (choice D) could lead to increased bleeding risk, not tolerance to blood loss.
Which explains why infants who are delivered via cesarean section before the start of labor have more difficulty transitioning to extrauterine life?
- A. The use of warm IV fluids precipitates hyperthermia.
- B. Regional anesthesia causes respiratory depression.
- C. The maternal left tilt position reduces placental blood flow.
- D. Residual amniotic fluid in the lungs makes spontaneous respirations difficult.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because infants delivered via cesarean section before labor may not have had the opportunity to expel amniotic fluid from their lungs through the vaginal passage, leading to respiratory distress. This residual fluid can hinder the initiation of spontaneous respirations, causing difficulty in transitioning to extrauterine life. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because hyperthermia from warm IV fluids, respiratory depression from regional anesthesia, and reduced placental blood flow from maternal position are not primary factors affecting the infant's ability to transition to extrauterine life in this scenario.