Nokea
What are the connective tissue cells found in nerve tissue called?
- A. Osteoblasts
- B. Neuroglia
- C. Osteocytes
- D. Arterioles
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Within nerve tissue, in addition to neurons responsible for transmitting nerve impulses, there are connective tissue cells known as neuroglia. Neuroglia play a vital role in providing support, insulation, and protection for neurons within the nervous system. Osteoblasts are involved in bone formation, osteocytes are mature bone cells, and arterioles are small arteries responsible for regulating blood flow, not found in nerve tissue.
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What type of synovial joint is the elbow?
- A. Pivot
- B. Hinge
- C. Ball and socket
- D. Toddle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hinge. The elbow joint is classified as a hinge joint because of its structure and movement capabilities. Hinge joints allow movement in only one plane, similar to a door hinge, enabling flexion and extension movements. In contrast, pivot joints allow rotational movement, ball and socket joints offer a wide range of motion in multiple directions, and toddle is not a recognized joint type.
To where are all the nutrients that enter the hepatic portal vein routed for decontamination?
- A. Kidney
- B. Pancreas
- C. Spleen
- D. Liver
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When nutrients are absorbed from the digestive tract, they enter the hepatic portal vein and are transported directly to the liver. The liver acts as a filter, processing and detoxifying these nutrients before they are further distributed to the rest of the body. Therefore, the correct answer is the liver, which plays a crucial role in detoxifying substances that enter the body through the digestive system.
Arrector pili are responsible for which action?
- A. Production of sweat
- B. Increase in skin pigmentation.
- C. Acceleration of wrinkling in aging.
- D. Appearance of goose bumps.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Which type of cell secretes antibodies?
- A. bacterial cell
- B. viral cell
- C. lymph cell
- D. plasma cells
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell specialized in producing and secreting antibodies. Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are vital components of the immune system that help recognize and neutralize pathogens. When the body encounters an antigen, plasma cells are activated to produce and secrete antibodies specific to that antigen. These antibodies bind to the pathogen, marking it for destruction by other immune cells. Therefore, plasma cells are the correct answer as they are specifically designed to produce and secrete antibodies to fight infections.
Which glands of the skin produce a thin, watery secretion?
- A. Sebaceous glands
- B. Eccrine glands
- C. Apocrine glands
- D. Endocrine glands
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eccrine glands are the correct answer. These glands produce a thin, watery secretion known as sweat. The primary function of eccrine glands is to regulate body temperature by releasing sweat that evaporates and cools the body. Sebaceous glands secrete an oily substance, apocrine glands release a thicker secretion, and endocrine glands are responsible for hormone secretion.