Nokea
What are the most common causes for subinvolution of the uterus?
- A. Postpartum hemorrhage and infection
- B. Multiple gestation and postpartum hemorrhage
- C. Uterine tetany and overproduction of oxytocin
- D. Retained placental fragments and infection
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Subinvolution is the failure of the uterus to return to a nonpregnant state. The most common causes are retained placental fragments and infection.
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Which statement about the development of cultural competence is inaccurate?
- A. Local health care workers and community advocates can help extend health care to underserved populations.
- B. Nursing care is delivered in the context of the client's culture but not in the context of the nurse's culture.
- C. Nurses must develop an awareness of and a sensitivity to various cultures.
- D. Culture's economic, religious, and political structures influence practices that affect childbearing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses' cultural context also influences the care they provide. Cultural competence involves both understanding the client's culture and being aware of the nurse's own cultural background, along with the impact of economic, religious, and political factors.
A nurse is caring for a patient with pyelonephritis. What does the nurse identify as the most common cause?
- A. Escherichia coli
- B. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- C. Chlamydia trachomatis
- D. Candida albicans
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Escherichia coli. In pyelonephritis, bacteria typically ascend from the lower urinary tract to the kidneys. E. coli is the most common cause due to its prevalence in the gastrointestinal tract and ability to cause urinary tract infections. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis are more commonly associated with sexually transmitted infections, not pyelonephritis. Candida albicans is a fungal infection and is not a common cause of pyelonephritis.
Using the family stress theory as an interventional approach for working with families experiencing parenting challenges, the nurse can assist the family in selecting and altering internal context factors. Which statement best describes the components of an internal context?
- A. Biologic and genetic makeup
- B. Maturation of family members
- C. Family's perception of the event
- D. Prevailing cultural beliefs of society
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The family stress theory focuses on a family's reaction to stressful events. Internal context factors include elements that the family can control, like perceptions, family structure, and values. The family's perception of the event directly influences how they cope with it.
The nurse is providing care to a 75-year-old female patient diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following would be the priority nursing diagnosis?
- A. At risk for falls related to impaired balance
- B. Knowledge deficit related to new medication regimen
- C. Impaired physical mobility related to pain and skeletal changes
- D. Ineffective health maintenance related to continued immobility
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: At risk for falls related to impaired balance. This is the priority nursing diagnosis because falls in elderly patients with osteoporosis can lead to serious consequences such as fractures. Assessing and addressing impaired balance can help prevent falls.
Choice B is incorrect as addressing the risk of falls is more urgent than educating the patient on a new medication regimen. Choice C is also incorrect as addressing mobility issues can come after addressing the risk of falls. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on health maintenance rather than immediate safety concerns like the risk of falls.
What condition is associated with advanced paternal age?
- A. Autosomal dominant disorder
- B. Schizophrenia
- C. Autism spectrum disorder
- D. Down syndrome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Advanced paternal age increases the risk of autosomal dominant disorders, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder, but not Down syndrome, which is linked to maternal age.