Nokea
What aspect of pharmacology does a nurse study? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Adverse and anticipated drug effects
- B. Molecular pharmacology
- C. Impact of drugs on the body
- D. The bodys response to a drug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses study pharmacology from a pharmacotherapeutic level, which includes the effect of drugs on the body, the bodys response to drugs, and both expected and unexpected drug effects. Chemical and molecular pharmacology (Options A and B) are not included in nursing pharmacology courses. Adverse and anticipated drug effects are part of pharmacotherapeutics, making C, D, and E correct.
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Which cephalosporin is often used to treat complicated skin and soft tissue infections?
- A. Cefazolin
- B. Cefepime
- C. Ceftaroline
- D. Cephalexin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ceftaroline, a fifth-generation cephalosporin, is effective against complicated skin/soft tissue infections, including MRSA.
The following drug may be used to relieve bladder spasm after urologic surgery:
- A. Atropine
- B. Dicyclomine
- C. Glycopyrrolate
- D. Oxybutynin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxybutynin, an antimuscarinic, reduces bladder spasms.
Which of the following is the most frequent cause of diarrhea and flatulance:
- A. Acarbose
- B. Glibenclamide
- C. Metformin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acarbose inhibits carbohydrate digestion in the gut, leading to increased fermentation by gut bacteria, causing diarrhea and flatulence.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for long-term use of oral prednisone for treatment of chronic asthma. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
- A. Weight gain
- B. Nervousness
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Constipation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prednisone causes weight gain due to fluid retention and increased appetite.
A 70-year-old patient has just received a drug, which can cause sedation. What would be the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?
- A. Noncompliance: Cost of the drug
- B. Deficient knowledge: Unfamiliar with drug therapy
- C. Risk for injury: Related to adverse effects of the drug
- D. Ineffective health maintenance: Need for medication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sedation increases the risk of falls or injury, making 'Risk for injury' the priority nursing diagnosis for a 70-year-old patient, given age-related vulnerabilities.