Nokea
A patient who has completed the first phase of a three-drug regimen for tuberculosis has a positive sputum acid-fast bacilli test. The nurse will tell the patient that
- A. drug resistance has probably occurred
- B. it may be another month before this test is negative
- C. the provider will change the pyrazinamide to ethambutol
- D. there may be a need to remain in the first phase of therapy for several weeks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sputum negativity may take 2-3 months; positivity doesn't confirm resistance or prompt drug change . The goal is for the patient's sputum test to be negative 2 to 3 months after the therapy.
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The home health nurse is caring for a 77-year-old patient with congestive heart failure. What would the nurse consider a priority to assess to develop the most effective plan of care related to medication administration?
- A. Description of the patient's living environment
- B. Required lifestyle changes
- C. Family members in the community
- D. Compliance with therapy to reduce risk of skin breakdown
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Living environment affects medication storage, access, and administration, critical for an elderly patient with CHF.
Which of the following drugs has been shown to restore corticosteroid responsiveness for Bronchial Asthma:
- A. Salbutamol
- B. Sodium cromoglycate
- C. Zifirlukast
- D. Montelukast
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Montelukast, a leukotriene inhibitor, enhances corticosteroid efficacy in asthma.
A patient with anxiety and depression may respond to:
- A. Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
- B. Fluoxetine (Prozac)
- C. Oxazepam (Serax)
- D. Buspirone (Buspar) and an SSRI combined
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Buspirone (anxiolytic) with an SSRI addresses both anxiety and depression effectively.
Bromocriptine is (select one that does not apply)
- A. A partial agonist of dopamine
- B. A partial antagonist of dopamine
- C. Used in the treatment of parkinsonism
- D. Used to reduce GH secretion in acromegaly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bromocriptine is a dopamine agonist used in parkinsonism and acromegaly; all except B are correct.
Zoster vaccine (Zostavax) is:
- A. A live varicella zoster vaccine from the same strain used to develop the varicella vaccine
- B. Effective in preventing varicella zoster in patients of all ages
- C. Recommended for patients age 40 to 80 who have had chickenpox
- D. Administered at the same time as other live vaccines, as long as they are given the same day
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Zostavax is a live vaccine from the varicella strain, for adults 50+ (not all ages, B, or 40-80, C); timing with other vaccines has restrictions.