Biology Practice Test

Biology Practice Test Related

Review Biology Practice Test related questions and content

What characteristic of water allows for hydrogen bonding between molecules?

  • A. Its covalent bonds
  • B. Its cohesive properties
  • C. Its high specific heat
  • D. Its polar nature
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Its polar nature. Water is a polar molecule with a partial positive charge on hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on oxygen atoms. This polarity allows water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with each other. Choice A, covalent bonds, is incorrect because while water indeed has covalent bonds, they do not directly enable hydrogen bonding. Choice B, cohesive properties, is incorrect as cohesion refers to water's ability to stick to other substances, not the specific characteristic that allows for hydrogen bonding. Choice C, high specific heat, is also incorrect as it refers to water's ability to resist changes in temperature, not its property that leads to hydrogen bonding.

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The bilayer of the cellular membrane consists of phospholipids with all except which of the following scattered throughout?

  • A. Nucleic acids
  • B. Cholesterol
  • C. Proteins
  • D. Glycoproteins
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The cellular membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with cholesterol, proteins, and glycoproteins distributed throughout. Nucleic acids are not found within the cellular membrane. Cholesterol helps maintain membrane fluidity, while proteins and glycoproteins play important roles in cell signaling, transport, and structural support.

Which of the following terms is used to represent two alleles that are the same type?

  • A. Homosynchronous
  • B. Hypersynchronous
  • C. Heterozygous
  • D. Homozygous
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Homozygous.' Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene. In this context, 'Homosynchronous' (choice A) is not a recognized genetic term. 'Hypersynchronous' (choice B) is not a term used in genetics. 'Heterozygous' (choice C) refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene, which is the opposite of homozygous.

Which of the following organelles is known as the cell's transportation center?

  • A. Golgi apparatus
  • B. Endoplasmic reticulum
  • C. Mitochondria
  • D. Lysosomes
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis and transport of proteins and lipids within the cell. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for transport. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, producing energy in the form of ATP. Lysosomes are involved in the digestion and recycling of cellular waste.

Which of the following is a group of three RNA nucleotides?

  • A. A stop codon
  • B. A codon
  • C. An anticodon
  • D. tRNA
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B - A codon. A codon is a sequence of three RNA nucleotides that specifies a particular amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis. Choice A, a stop codon, is a sequence of three nucleotides that signals the termination of protein synthesis. Choice C, an anticodon, is a group of three nucleotides found in tRNA that pairs with the complementary codon in mRNA. Choice D, tRNA, stands for transfer RNA, which is a type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

What is considered the main objective of the translation stage of protein synthesis?

  • A. To produce amino acids
  • B. To produce nucleotides
  • C. To produce fatty acids
  • D. To produce nucleic acids
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To produce amino acids. During the translation stage of protein synthesis, the mRNA is decoded to assemble a specific sequence of amino acids. These amino acids then fold into a functional protein. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the translation stage specifically deals with the production of amino acids, not nucleotides, fatty acids, or nucleic acids.

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