TEAS version 7 quizlet science

TEAS version 7 quizlet science Related

Review TEAS version 7 quizlet science related questions and content

What checkpoint mechanism ensures all chromosomes are attached to the spindle fibers before anaphase begins?

  • A. Prometaphase
  • B. Metaphase
  • C. Cyclin degradation
  • D. Sister chromatid cohesion
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A) Prometaphase is the correct answer because it is the stage of mitosis where all chromosomes are attached to the spindle fibers before anaphase begins. During prometaphase, the nuclear envelope breaks down, allowing the spindle fibers to attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes. This attachment is necessary for proper chromosome alignment and segregation during anaphase.

B) Metaphase is incorrect because it is the stage where chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate but do not necessarily have all spindle fibers attached.

C) Cyclin degradation is incorrect because it is a regulatory mechanism that controls the progression of the cell cycle but is not specifically related to ensuring all chromosomes are attached to spindle fibers.

D) Sister chromatid cohesion is incorrect because it refers to the physical connection between sister chromatids that is maintained until anaphase, but it does not ensure that all chromosomes are attached to spindle fibers.

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What is the importance of RNA splicing?

  • A. Removes introns from the mRNA molecule
  • B. Adds the poly-A tail to the mRNA molecule
  • C. Activates the mRNA molecule for translation
  • D. Modifies the structure of the protein
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: RNA splicing is a crucial process in gene expression where non-coding regions called introns are removed from the pre-mRNA molecule, and the remaining coding regions called exons are joined together to form the mature mRNA molecule. This process ensures that only the protein-coding sequences are retained in the mRNA for translation, allowing for the production of functional proteins. Therefore, option A is the correct answer as it accurately describes the importance of RNA splicing in generating mature mRNA molecules for protein synthesis.

B) Adding the poly-A tail to the mRNA molecule is a post-transcriptional modification that occurs after RNA splicing and is not directly related to the process of removing introns.

C) Activating the mRNA molecule for translation is typically achieved through the addition of a 5' cap and the poly-A tail, rather than through RNA splicing.

D) Modifying the structure of the protein is not directly related to the process of RNA splicing, which primarily focuses on mRNA maturation by removing non-coding introns.

What is the primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands?

  • A. Insulin
  • B. Calcitonin
  • C. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
  • D. Thyroxine
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands is parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH plays a crucial role in regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the body by increasing calcium levels in the blood through various mechanisms, such as promoting calcium release from bones and increasing calcium absorption in the intestines. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and regulates blood sugar levels, calcitonin is produced by the thyroid gland and helps lower blood calcium levels, and thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not the primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands.

What is the primary function of B cells in the immune system?

  • A. Directly attacking and engulfing pathogens
  • B. Producing antibodies specific to a pathogen
  • C. Destroying infected body cells
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: B cells are a type of white blood cell that primarily functions by producing antibodies specific to a pathogen. These antibodies play a crucial role in marking pathogens for destruction by other immune cells. While B cells are essential for the immune response, they do not directly attack and engulf pathogens or destroy infected body cells. These functions are carried out by other immune cells like macrophages and cytotoxic T cells. Therefore, the correct answer is B, as it accurately reflects the primary role of B cells in the immune system.

When light interacts with a perfectly smooth surface, like a mirror, the dominant interaction is:

  • A. Refraction
  • B. Diffraction
  • C. Total internal reflection
  • D. Specular reflection
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When light interacts with a perfectly smooth surface like a mirror, the dominant interaction is specular reflection. Specular reflection occurs when light rays are reflected off a smooth surface at the same angle as the incident angle, resulting in a clear and sharp reflection. Refraction, which involves the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another, is not the dominant interaction with a perfectly smooth surface. Diffraction, the bending of light waves around obstacles, is not the dominant interaction with smooth surfaces. Total internal reflection occurs when light is reflected back into a medium due to encountering a boundary at an angle greater than the critical angle, but it is not the dominant interaction on a perfectly smooth surface like a mirror.

A spring with a spring constant of 100 N/m is stretched 0.2 m from its equilibrium position. What is the potential energy stored in the spring?

  • A. 2 J
  • B. 4 J
  • C. 8 J
  • D. 20 J
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The potential energy stored in a spring is given by the formula \(PE = \frac{1}{2}kx^2\), where \(k\) is the spring constant and \(x\) is the displacement from the equilibrium position. Substituting the given values, we get \(PE = \frac{1}{2} \times 100 \times (0.2)^2 = 8\) J.

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