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What could the nurse do to disseminate information about screening to more individuals?
- A. Plan a health fair for the employees that provides information about screening for diseases that have an inheritance pattern.
- B. Refer each employee over the age of 50 to a gastroenterologist.
- C. Create a Web site on diet and exercise as it relates to the prevention of colon cancer in people over 50.
- D. Place brochures in the nurses facility for the employees to access in answering their questions.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The advantage of a health fair is that it will provide information on all age-related diseases and the prevention of disease, including those with genetic components like colon cancer. Referring all employees over 50 to a gastroenterologist is impractical, and a website or brochures may not reach as many people effectively as a health fair.
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What action should a nurse who practices in the area of genetics prioritize?
- A. Teaching families about the different patterns of inheritance
- B. Gathering relevant family and medical history information
- C. Providing advice on termination of pregnancy
- D. Discouraging females from conceiving after the age of 40 years
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse's role in genetic counseling is to provide information, collect relevant data, offer support, and coordinate resources. Gathering family and medical history is a priority to establish patterns of inheritance and assess risks, unlike the other options, which are either inappropriate or secondary.
The nurse informs the patient that genetic counseling and prenatal testing should be performed for all pregnant women in which age group?
- A. 18 to 21
- B. 40 and older
- C. 35 and older
- D. 18 and under
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Women who are 35 years of age or older have an increasing chance of giving birth to infants with chromosomal differences, such as trisomy 21. For this reason, genetic counseling and prenatal testing are recommended for all pregnant women above this age.
Based on this patients history, what recommendation should the nurse make at the present time?
- A. Instruct her to continue to try to get pregnant
- B. Let the patient know that her loss may not occur again
- C. Encourage her explore the possibility of chromosome testing studies
- D. Instruct her to have an amniocentesis with the next pregnancy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: At the present time, the nurse should inform the woman about chromosome studies. Chromosome studies may be needed at any age, depending on the indication. Two common indications are a suspected diagnosis, such as Down syndrome, and a history of two or more unexplained pregnancy losses, which the woman has described. Instructing her to continue trying to get pregnant is redundant, and amniocentesis is a future consideration, not an immediate recommendation.
When performing an assessment in this care setting, the nurse would focus on what areas of assessment? Select all that apply.
- A. Assessing patients personality strengths and weaknesses
- B. Performing assessments of patients patterns of behavior
- C. Assessing the genetic characteristics of patients blood samples
- D. Gathering family histories and health histories
- E. Performing comprehensive physical assessments
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: Nurses obtain genetics information by gathering family and health histories and conducting physical and developmental assessments. Behavior, personality, and blood sample analysis are not typically part of the nurse's role in this context.
What is nursings unique contribution to genomic medicine?
- A. Its physical assessment capabilities
- B. Its holistic perspective
- C. Its biopsychologic focus
- D. Its evaluation capabilities
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The unique contribution of nursing to genomic medicine is its holistic perspective that takes into account each person's intellectual, physical, spiritual, social, cultural, biopsychologic, ethical, and esthetic experiences. This holistic approach is unique compared to other disciplines.