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Mother Jones, who was a labor activist, wrote the following about children working in cotton mills in Alabama: "Little girls and boys, barefooted, walked up and down between the endless rows of spindles, reaching thin little hands into the machinery to repair snapped threads. They crawled under machinery to oil it. They replaced spindles all day long; all night through...six-year-olds with faces of sixty did an eight-hour shift for ten cents a day; the machines, built int he North, were built low for the hands of little children."
What do you predict occurred after Mother Jones's publication about child labor in cotton mills?
- A. More children signed up to work in the factories
- B. Cotton factories in the South closed
- C. Laws were passed to prevent child labor
- D. The pay scale for these children was increased
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After Mother Jones's publication detailing the harsh conditions of child labor in cotton mills, it is likely that public awareness increased, leading to public outcry. This heightened awareness and outrage often result in legislative actions being taken. Therefore, it is reasonable to predict that laws were passed to prevent child labor, as the excerpt vividly describes the unsafe and exploitative working conditions faced by children. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the publication would not have encouraged more children to work in such harsh conditions, led to the closure of cotton factories, or increased the pay scale for child laborers; instead, it would have prompted societal action to protect children from such exploitation.
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NOTE: The instructor of a history class has just finished grading the essay exams from his students, and the results are not good. The essay exam was worth 70% of the final course score. The highest score in the class was a low B, and more than half of the class of 65 students failed the exam. In view of this, the instructor reconsiders his grading plan for the semester and sends out an email message to all students.
Which of the following best describes the instructor's purpose in writing this email to his students?
- A. to berate students for the poor scores they received on the recent essay exam
- B. to encourage students to continue working hard despite failure
- C. to give students the opportunity to make up the bad score and avoid failing the course
- D. to admit that the essay exam was likely too difficult for most students
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The instructor's primary purpose in writing the email is to offer students the chance to make up the bad score they received on the recent essay exam, which was worth 70% of their final course score. The email does not berate students for their poor performance, nor does it admit that the exam was too difficult. While the instructor does offer encouragement to students who choose to complete an extra credit project, the main focus is on providing an opportunity to improve their scores and avoid failing the course.
An adult skeleton had 206 bones. The skeleton has two major divisions: the axil skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton, which consists of 80 bones including the skull, vertebrae, and rib, is located down the center of the body. The axial skeleton protects vital organs such as the brain and heart. The appendicular skeleton consists of 126 ones of the arms, legs, and the bones that attach these bones to the axial skeleton. The appendicular skeleton includes the scapulae (shoulder blades), clavicles (collarbones), and pelvic (hip) bones.
Which of the following bones is not associated with the leg?
- A. femur
- B. tibia
- C. patella
- D. radius
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, radius. According to the passage, the radius is a bone in the lower arm, not in the leg. The femur, tibia, and patella are bones associated with the leg. The femur is the thigh bone, the tibia is the shin bone, and the patella is the kneecap. Therefore, the radius is the only bone among the options that is not associated with the leg.
During the summer, Angela read the following classics: The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald; Brave new world, by Aldous Huxley; A Passage to India, by E.M. Forster; and "The Cask of Amontillado," By Edgar Allen Poe. In the statement above, several items are italicized, while only one is placed in quotation marks. According to the rules of punctuation, the following should be placed in quotation marks: article, book chapters, short stories, and episodes of television shows.
What is the purpose of the italics used for several of the words identified in the sentence above?
- A. to indicate a full-length published book
- B. to indicate a work of classic literature
- C. to indicate recommended summer reading
- D. to indicate books that Angela completed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The purpose of the italics used for several words in the sentence is to indicate books that Angela completed during the summer. The italics are used for titles of books or literary works, showing emphasis or highlighting specific titles. In the provided extract, titles like 'The Great Gatsby,' 'Brave New World,' and 'A Passage to India' are italicized, indicating completed readings. Choice A is incorrect as it does not accurately reflect the purpose of italics in this context. Choice B is incorrect because the use of italics does not specifically indicate classic literature. Choice C is also incorrect as the italics are not related to recommendations but rather completion of reading.
Tips for Eating Calcium Rich Foods Diary: Beverage - Include milk as a beverage at meals. * Consider choosing fat-free or low-fat milk. - Whole milk: consider a gradual shift to fat-free milk to lower saturated fat and calories. Start with reduced fat (2%), then low-fat (1%), and finally fat-free (skim). - Cappuccinos or lattes: ask for them with fat-free (skim) milk. Diary: Meals - Oatmeal and hot cereals: Try adding fat-free or low-fat milk instead of water - Use fat-free or low-fat milk when making condensed cream soups (e.g., cream of tomato) - Shredded low-fat cheese with casseroles, soups, stew, or vegetables - Fat-free or low-fat yogurt with a baked person Diary: Snack - Have fat-free or low-fat yogurt as a snack. * Make a dip for fruits or vegetable from yogurt. * Make fruit-yogurt smoothes in the blender. Diary: Dessert - Chocolate or butterscotch pudding with fat-free or low-fat milk. - Cut-up fruit with flavored yogurt for a quick dessert. Non-Diary Products: - Lactose Intolerance * Lactose-free alternatives within the milk group (e.g., cheese, yogurt, or lactose-free milk) * Consume the enzyme lactose before consuming milk products. - Personal choice to avoid diary: * Calcium fortified juices, cereals, breads, and soy or rice beverages * Canned fish (sardines, salmon with bones) soybeans and other soy products, some other dried beans, and some leafy greens.
The style of this passage is most like that found in a(n)
- A. tourist guidebook
- B. health textbook
- C. encyclopedia
- D. friendly letter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The style of the given passage is most similar to that found in a health textbook. The author presents facts and details in a structured bulleted list format, focusing on providing tips and information about eating calcium-rich foods. This style is commonly used in educational materials related to health and nutrition, making choice B the most appropriate among the options provided.
Choice A, a tourist guidebook, is incorrect as the passage does not aim to guide or provide information about touristic locations. Choice C, an encyclopedia, is also incorrect as an encyclopedia typically provides comprehensive and in-depth information on various topics, which is not reflected in the passage. Choice D, a friendly letter, is incorrect as the passage does not contain personal or conversational elements that are characteristic of a friendly letter.
Raul is going to Egypt next month. He has been looking forward to this
vacation all year. Since childhood, Raul has been fascinated with pyramids,
especially the Great Pyramid of Giza, which is the oldest of the Seven
Wonders of the Ancient World. According to religious custom, Egyptian
royalty is buried in the tombs located within the pyramid's great labyrinths.
Since it has been many years since Raul read about the pyramid's history, he
wants to read a book describing how and why the Egyptians built the Great
Pyramid thousands of years ago.
Which of the following is an opinion, rather than a historical fact, expressed by the author?
- A. Leif Erikson was definitely the son of Erik the Red.
- B. Leif Erikson's crew called the land Vinland.
- C. Leif Erikson deserves more credit for his accomplishments.
- D. Leif Erikson explored the Americas nearly five hundred years before Columbus.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The statement 'Leif Erikson deserves more credit for his accomplishments' is an opinion rather than a historical fact. Historical facts can be verified through evidence and documentation, while opinions are subjective viewpoints. Choices A, B, and D provide historical facts about Leif Erikson's lineage, the name given to the land he discovered, and his exploration, respectively, which can be supported by historical records and research.