Nokea
What does an abnormal finding in the assessment of cranial nerve VII (Facial nerve) indicate?
- A. Facial asymmetry or difficulty with facial expressions.
- B. Clear and symmetric facial movements.
- C. Normal taste sensation.
- D. Equal and reactive pupils.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Facial asymmetry or difficulty with facial expressions indicates dysfunction of cranial nerve VII (Facial nerve). Clear facial movements, normal taste sensation, and equal pupils are normal findings.
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The following are true about the pupils:
- A. pupil size is largest in adolescence
- B. physiological anisocoria is found in 20% of the population
- C. the latent period of the pupil reaction to light ranges from 0.2 to 0.5s
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pupil size is largest in adolescence and decreases with age. Physiological anisocoria (unequal pupil size) is present in about 20% of the population. The latent period for the pupillary light reflex is typically 0.2 to 0.5 seconds.
A person comes to the clinic reporting, I wear a scarf across my lower face when I go out but because of my ugly appearance. Assessment reveals an average appearance with no actual disfigurement. Which problem is most likely?
- A. Dissociative identity disorder
- B. Body dysmorphic disorder
- C. Pseudocyesis
- D. Malingering
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Body dysmorphic disorder. This individual's distorted belief about their appearance despite no actual disfigurement aligns with the symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder. People with this disorder obsess over perceived flaws in their appearance.
Incorrect choices:
A: Dissociative identity disorder involves multiple distinct personality states, not related to body image.
C: Pseudocyesis is a false belief of being pregnant, unrelated to body image.
D: Malingering involves feigning symptoms for external gain, not related to distorted body image perceptions.
In which structure do sperm mature after they are produced?
- A. the prostate gland
- B. the epididymis
- C. the bulbourethral glands
- D. the seminal vesicles
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The epididymis is the correct answer because it is the coiled tube where sperm mature and gain motility after being produced in the testes. This maturation process is essential for sperm to become capable of fertilizing an egg. The epididymis also stores sperm until they are ejaculated during sexual activity.
Nurse Hernandez is conducting an assessment of a client with Parkinson's disease. During the evaluation, she identifies bradykinesia when she observes the client displaying:
- A. Sudden, involuntary muscle contraction.
- B. Inability to move the limbs.
- C. Tremor that occurs with purposeful movement.
- D. A noticeable reduction in voluntary movements.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bradykinesia refers to the slowness of movement, a hallmark symptom of Parkinson's disease.
The following muscles are supplied by posterior rami of spinal nerves EXCEPT
- A. Erector spinae
- B. Levator costae
- C. Splenius
- D. Scalene posterior
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The scalene muscles are innervated by the anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves, not the posterior rami. The posterior rami supply intrinsic back muscles like the erector spinae.