Nokea
What does the nurse explain can affect the survival of the X- and Y-bearing sperm after intercourse?
- A. Age
- B. Estrogen level
- C. Body temperature
- D. Level of feminine hygiene
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Estrogen levels and the pH of the female reproductive tract can affect the survival of the X- and Y-bearing sperm as well as their motility.
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A nurse is caring for a birthing person who is experiencing a late deceleration in fetal heart rate. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
- A. turn the laboring person to the left side
- B. increase maternal oxygen supply
- C. prepare for an emergency cesarean section
- D. administer terbutaline
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for a nurse when a birthing person experiences late deceleration in fetal heart rate is to turn the laboring person to the left side. This helps improve placental perfusion by reducing pressure on the vena cava, enhancing blood flow to the uterus, and thus improving oxygenation to the fetus. This action can help alleviate the late deceleration and prevent fetal distress. Increasing maternal oxygen supply (choice B) is important but not the first-line intervention for late decelerations. Emergency cesarean section (choice C) is not typically indicated for late decelerations unless other interventions fail. Administering terbutaline (choice D) is not appropriate for late decelerations as it is a tocolytic used to inhibit uterine contractions and prevent preterm labor.
The nurse is reviewing fetal circulation with a pregnant patient and explains that blood circulates through the placenta to the fetus. What vessel(s) carry blood to the fetus?
- A. One umbilical vein
- B. Two umbilical veins
- C. One umbilical artery
- D. Two umbilical arteries
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The umbilical vein transports richly oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.
A pregnant patient at 30 weeks gestation reports experiencing dizziness and faintness when standing up. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
- A. Low blood sugar levels due to gestational diabetes.
- B. Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.
- C. Decreased blood pressure due to pregnancy-related changes.
- D. Anemia and low iron levels.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased blood pressure due to pregnancy-related changes. During pregnancy, blood vessels dilate and the growing uterus can compress the vena cava, leading to decreased blood return to the heart when standing up, causing dizziness and faintness. This condition is known as orthostatic hypotension, common in the third trimester. Low blood sugar levels (choice A) and dehydration/electrolyte imbalance (choice B) can also cause dizziness but are less likely in this scenario. Anemia and low iron levels (choice D) can lead to fatigue and weakness but are less likely to cause dizziness and faintness when standing up in this context.
What assessment data are collected to assess progress during the second stage of labor?
- A. fetal heart rate
- B. fetal descent
- C. bearing-down effort
- D. contraction strength
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: fetal descent. During the second stage of labor, assessing fetal descent is crucial to monitor progress. This data helps determine if the baby is moving down the birth canal appropriately. Fetal descent indicates the effectiveness of contractions and pushing efforts. It is a key indicator of labor progression.
Rationale:
- A: Fetal heart rate is important but primarily assesses fetal well-being, not progress during the second stage of labor.
- C: Bearing-down effort is relevant for pushing but does not directly measure progress in terms of fetal descent.
- D: Contraction strength is essential but does not specifically indicate the progress of the baby's descent in the birth canal during the second stage of labor.
After nutrition counseling, a woman, G3 P1101, proclaims that she certainly can’t eat any strawberries during her pregnancy. Which of the following is the likely reason for this statement?
- A. The woman is allergic to strawberries.
- B. Strawberries have been shown to cause birth defects.
- C. The woman believes in old wives’ tales.
- D. The premature baby died because the woman ate strawberries.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Food allergies are a plausible reason for avoiding strawberries. There is no scientific evidence linking strawberries to birth defects or premature death. Old wives’ tales might exist but are less likely the primary reason here.