Nokea
What does the nurse remind the adolescent with diabetes that soluble fiber in the diet can reduce? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Blood glucose
- B. Serum cholesterol
- C. Incidence of infections
- D. Absorption of sugar
- E. Insulin requirements
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Soluble fiber can reduce blood glucose, serum cholesterol, sugar absorption, and insulin requirements.
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A child receives a combination of regular and NPH insulin at 8:00 AM. At 8:45 AM the breakfast trays have not yet arrived from the kitchen. What is the best action by the nurse?
- A. Notify the charge nurse.
- B. Give the patient a snack of graham crackers and milk.
- C. Ambulate the patient in the hall for a short time.
- D. Give the patient more insulin according to the sliding scale.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A child who receives regular insulin before meals may have an insulin reaction if food is not eaten within 20 minutes. A snack of graham crackers and milk will prevent an episode of hypoglycemia.
The home health nurse is monitoring an 8-month-old child with hypothyroidism taking levothyroxine (Synthroid). Which symptoms does the nurse recognize as signs of overdose? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Tachycardia
- B. Irritability
- C. Vomiting
- D. Weight gain
- E. Diaphoresis
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Tachycardia, irritability, and diaphoresis are signs of levothyroxine overdose, while weight gain and vomiting are not.
The nurse discussed treatment of hypoglycemia with an adolescent. Which statement by the adolescent leads the nurse to determine the patient understood the instructions?
- A. When my blood glucose is low or if I begin to feel hungry and weak, I will eat six LifeSavers.'
- B. When my blood glucose is low or if I begin to feel hungry and weak, I will give myself Lispro insulin.'
- C. When my blood glucose is low or if I begin to feel hungry and weak, I will have a slice of cheese.'
- D. When my blood glucose is low or if I begin to feel hungry and weak, I will drink a diet soda.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The immediate treatment of hypoglycemia involves consuming a quick source of sugar, such as hard candy like LifeSavers.
What is an important consideration for the school-age child taking DDAVP for diabetes insipidus?
- A. Observe for signs of water deprivation.
- B. Restrict his physical education program.
- C. Arrange for the child to use the bathroom when needed.
- D. Limit fluid intake other than during the lunch period.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The child with diabetes insipidus needs liberal access to bathrooms due to frequent urination.
What is the pattern of inheritance for most inborn errors of metabolism?
- A. Autosomal recessive
- B. Autosomal dominant
- C. X-linked recessive
- D. Multifactorial
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pattern of inheritance for most inborn errors of metabolism, such as Tay-Sachs disease, is generally autosomal recessive.