Nokea
What does the prefix circum- mean in the word circumference?
- A. Beyond
- B. After
- C. Around
- D. Before
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The prefix 'circum-' means 'around,' which is the definition most related to 'circumference.' Circumference refers to the boundary that surrounds a circular shape. Choice A, 'Beyond,' is incorrect as it implies going further or exceeding a boundary. Choice B, 'After,' is not related to the concept of surrounding or encircling. Choice D, 'Before,' is also unrelated and denotes something occurring prior to a specific time or event.
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a phrase that might be found within the transition sentence of a paragraph?
- A. In the same way
- B. Research proves that
- C. Another reason for this is
- D. As a result
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In academic writing, transition sentences are used to connect ideas within a paragraph. Phrases like 'In the same way,' 'Another reason for this is,' and 'As a result' are commonly used to transition between different points. However, 'Research proves that' is more indicative of a factual statement rather than a transitional phrase. It presents information rather than smoothly transitioning between ideas, making it the correct choice as it does not fit the typical structure and function of a transition sentence.
Which of the following sentences contains a homophone error?
- A. Their decision to stay home was vindicated when they heard about what happened.
- B. Jane was given a prescription for oral paste to put on her mouth ulcers.
- C. The team from Cincinnati led the league in scoring last year.
- D. What effect will this new legislation have on hospital policy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because 'aural' and 'oral' are homophones, but they have different meanings. 'Aural' refers to hearing, while 'oral' refers to the mouth or spoken words. In the context of treating mouth ulcers, the correct term should be 'oral paste.' Choices A, C, and D do not contain homophone errors. In choice A, 'heard' is correctly used in the context of listening. Choice C is grammatically correct and does not involve homophones. Choice D correctly uses 'effect' and does not involve homophones.
What kind of error is present in the following sentence?
"The project requires researching, writing a report, and presenting findings."
- A. Parallelism
- B. Sentence fragment
- C. Misplaced modifier
- D. Subject-verb agreement
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Parallelism. The sentence contains a parallelism error in the list of actions required for the project. In a series or list, all elements should be in the same grammatical form. In this sentence, 'researching' and 'writing' are in gerund form, but 'presenting' is in infinitive form. To ensure parallel structure, all items in the list should be in the same form. Therefore, the corrected version should read, "The project requires researching, writing a report, and presenting findings." Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. There are no sentence fragments, misplaced modifiers, or subject-verb agreement errors in the original sentence.
While studying vocabulary, a student notices that the words circumference, circumnavigate, and circumstance all begin with the prefix 'circum'. The student uses her knowledge of affixes to infer that all of these words share what related meaning?
- A. Around, surrounding
- B. Travel, transport
- C. Size, measurement
- D. Area, location
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Around, surrounding.' The prefix 'circum-' commonly means 'around' or 'surrounding,' as observed in words like circumference (the distance around a circle), circumnavigate (to sail or travel around something), and circumstance (a condition surrounding or related to an event). Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the shared meaning among these words is related to being around or surrounding, not travel, transport, size, measurement, area, or location.
We rejoiced as 'hackers.' Which of the following is the best revision of the sentence?
- A. NO CHANGE
- B. To a nagging technology problem, we rejoiced as 'hackers.'
- C. We rejoiced when we figured out how to 'hack' a solution to a nagging technological problem.
- D. To 'hack' our way to a solution, we had to rejoice.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C is the best revision as it provides clarity and context to the sentence. It conveys the idea that the individuals rejoiced after successfully finding a creative solution to a persistent technological issue. Choice A is incorrect as it leaves the sentence unchanged without adding any context. Choice B introduces the phrase 'nagging technology problem,' which alters the original meaning and is not as concise as the correct answer. Choice D alters the sentence structure and does not effectively convey the intended meaning of rejoicing after finding a solution.