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What information about the drug is most important for the nurse to know before administration? Select all that apply.
- A. Normal dosage range
- B. Special precautions in administration
- C. Drug's most common adverse effects
- D. Drug's general action
- E. Reason for use of the drug
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: The nurse must have factual knowledge of each drug given, the reason for use of the drug, the drug's general action, the more common adverse reactions associated with the drug, special precautions in administration (if any), and the normal dose ranges.
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What must be included in a primary health care provider's medication order? Select all that apply.
- A. Client's name
- B. Drug name
- C. Dosage form
- D. Route of administration
- E. Frequency of administration
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: A primary health care provider's order must include the client's name, the drug name, the dosage form and route, the dosage to be administered, and the frequency of administration.
How many times should the student compare the drug label with the MAR when preparing an oral drug for administration?
- A. 2
- B. 3
- C. 4
- D. 5
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The proper procedure is to compare the drug label with the MAR three times: (a) when the drug is taken from its storage area, (b) immediately before removing the drug from the container, and (c) before administering the drug to the patient.
What action is most appropriate when administering an oral medication through a nasogastric tube? Select all that apply.
- A. Not diluting liquids prior to administration
- B. Checking the tube for placement
- C. Dissolving crushed tablets in water prior to administration
- D. Flushing the tube with water after drugs are administered
- E. Clearing the tube with air prior to administration
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Before administration of an oral drug through an NG tube or gastrostomy tube, the nurse should check the tube for placement, dilute and flush liquid drugs through the tube, crush tablets and dissolve them in water before administering them through the tube, and flush the tube with water after the drugs are placed in the tube to clear the tubing completely.
What is most important for the nurse to do before giving a drug for the first time?
- A. Obtain the patient's allergy history
- B. Obtain information about the drug
- C. Inquire if the patient has any objections to syringes
- D. Discuss the dosage with other nurses
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Before giving any drug for the first time, the nurse should ask the patient about any known allergies as well as any family history of allergies. The nurse need not particularly obtain information about the drug as it has been prescribed by the physician, but needs to be aware of the adverse effects it may cause. There is also no need to discuss the dosage with other nurses or to find out if the client has any objections to syringes. However, the nurse should help allay the patient's fears by reassuring him or her about the administration.
What site is most appropriate for an IM injection in an 18-month-old toddler?
- A. Dorsogluteal site
- B. Deltoid muscle
- C. Vastus lateralis
- D. Ventrogluteal site
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The vastus lateralis site is frequently used for infants and small children because it is more developed than the other intramuscular sites such as the dorsogluteal and deltoid muscle. Ventrogluteal sites may be used in children who have been ambulating for more than 2 years.