Nokea
What instruction will the nurse give to parents about preventing the spread and reinfection of pinworms?
- A. Keep children's nails short.
- B. Dress child in loose-fitting underwear.
- C. Clean the bathroom with bleach solution.
- D. Wash bed linens in cold water.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Keeping nails short prevents pinworm eggs from collecting under them, reducing spread and reinfection.
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Parents have adopted a child with the diagnosis of kwashiorkor. What is most likely to be observed when assessing this child?
- A. Hyperactivity
- B. White streak in hair
- C. Edematous abdomen
- D. Slowed growth
- E. Thick, oily hair
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Kwashiorkor presents with a white streak in hair (depigmentation), edematous abdomen, and slowed growth due to protein deficiency; the child is apathetic, with thin, dry hair.
What is the treatment of choice for a child with intussusception?
- A. A barium enema
- B. Immediate surgery
- C. IV fluids until the spasms subside
- D. Gastric lavage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A barium enema can often reduce intussusception by 'un-telescoping' the bowel, avoiding surgery.
What sign(s) indicate(s) moderate dehydration?
- A. 10% weight loss
- B. Dry mucous membranes
- C. Normal anterior fontanel
- D. Increased urinary output
- E. Lethargy
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Moderate dehydration is characterized by 10% weight loss, dry mucous membranes, and a normal fontanel; urine output decreases, and irritability, not lethargy, is typical.
What will be included regarding primary sources of lead in the community?
- A. Increased lead content of air
- B. Use of aluminum cookware
- C. Deteriorating paint in older buildings
- D. Inhaling smog
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Deteriorating paint in older buildings is a primary source of lead exposure in children.
What acid-base imbalance would the nurse expect to occur from this persistent vomiting?
- A. Hyperkalemia
- B. Hypernatremia
- C. Acidosis
- D. Alkalosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Persistent vomiting causes loss of hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride, leading to metabolic alkalosis.