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What is a true statement regarding a panic disorder?
- A. Slow onset of physical symptoms
- B. Lasts several minutes
- C. The first instinct is to escape to a safer place.
- D. Marked by hypotension and bradycardia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In panic disorder, the first instinct is to escape to a safer place. Episodes of panic may last minutes to less than 1 hour and then spontaneously subside. People who are affected experience an abrupt onset of physical symptoms and terror that include intense apprehension.
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Which level of anxiety is constructive and prepares a person to take action in appropriate situations?
- A. Moderate
- B. Severe
- C. Mild
- D. Panic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mild anxiety is constructive and prepares a person to take action in appropriate situations. In moderate anxiety, the person is more easily distracted. The attention span decreases in severe anxiety. In panic anxiety, the person exaggerates details.
A client is scheduled for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head and neck. Which action by the nurse would be most helpful in calming the anxious client?
- A. Administer antianxiety medication.
- B. Allow the client to express fears and concerns.
- C. Discuss how others have survived the procedure.
- D. Explain how the client can notify staff if anxiety increases.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Building trust and restoring comfort can be accomplished when the nurse allows the client to verbalize anxiety. Identifying the problem and exploring possible solutions may be helpful in decreasing anxiety. The physician may prescribe an antianxiety medication to the client prior to testing. Antianxiety drugs work but conversation is more immediate and safer. Knowing the client can call for assistance during the testing may be helpful in decreasing anxiety. But calling for assistance does not help the client in the moment. Discussion of other clients is not helpful in this situation.
Which provides the best data to support the diagnosis of anxiety disorder in clients of any age? Select all that apply.
- A. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- B. Computed tomography (CT scan)
- C. Presenting symptoms
- D. Client history
- E. Prescription list
- F. Over-the-counter medications
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Diagnosing of most clients with anxiety disorders is based on presenting symptoms and client history. MRI and CT scans can be done to rule out brain pathology and other physiologic causes. Alcohol, prescription drugs, as well as over-the-counter drugs can alter findings or contribute to symptoms presented but are not the best data to base a diagnosis of anxiety disorder.
The client recounts to the nurse an instance of jumping onto the hood of a car to avoid an approaching dog, and reports feeling embarrassed by this reaction. The client discloses suffering from a severe dog bite in childhood. The nurse classifies this symptom as which of the following?
- A. Generalized anxiety
- B. Panic disorder
- C. Phobic disorder
- D. Post-traumatic stress disorder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phobic disorders are those conditions in which a person manifests an exaggerated fear. When a person with a phobic disorder is exposed to the fear-causing stimuli, the symptom of anxiety can reach panic levels. Generalized anxiety is related to chronic worrying. Panic disorder can lead to intense fear that precipitates escaping to a safer place but is less specific to phobic disorder in this case. PTSD is not indicated.
Which is the most important teaching point the nurse can stress to a client who experiences panic attacks?
- A. Location is often the source of stress.
- B. Take medications at onset of symptoms
- C. Panic attacks are time limited and will abate
- D. Maintain self-control duringCastle Hill during an attack
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Panic attacks are time limited, and the symptoms will abate. Knowing this will decrease the client's fear when an attack occurs. For agoraphobia, fear of losing control in public can result in a desire to confine location to home. Taking medications as prescribed is a part of the management of anxiety disorders. The initiation of medication once the attack begins is not helpful. Maintaining self-control implies the client can control the event and is not supportive.