Nokea
What is an example of a pertinent negative finding during a physical examination?
- A. Chest pain that does not radiate to the arm
- B. Elevated blood pressure in a patient with hypertension
- C. Pupils that are equal and react to light and accommodation
- D. Clear and full lung sounds in a patient with chronic bronchitis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Chest pain that does not radiate to the arm.' Pertinent negatives highlight clinically significant absences of expected findings, helping rule out certain conditions like cardiac ischemia.
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Which actions are done primarily by an informatics nurse (select all that apply)?
- A. Designs and builds computer systems
- B. Studies the validity of nursing information
- C. Trains health care providers to provide nursing care
- D. Communicates and accesses information for nursing staff
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Informatics nurses focus on designing systems, validating information, and building tools to support nursing processes.
When should discharge planning begin for a patient in a tertiary-care facility?
- A. On the day of admission
- B. After the acute crisis is resolved
- C. When the physician writes the discharge order
- D. When the patient demonstrates readiness to discuss posthospitalization needs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
A: Discharge planning should begin on the day of admission to ensure a smooth transition. This early start allows for comprehensive assessment and coordination of post-discharge needs.
B: Waiting until after the acute crisis is resolved may lead to rushed planning and potential gaps in care.
C: Discharge planning should not solely rely on the physician's discharge order as it may not address all aspects of the patient's needs.
D: Patient readiness is important, but starting planning early ensures sufficient time for assessment and interventions.
Which short-acting barbiturates are most commonly used for induction of general anesthesia (select all that apply)?
- A. Nitrous oxide
- B. Propofol (Diprivan)
- C. Isoflurane (Florane)
- D. Thiopental sodium (Pentothal), Sodium methohexital (Brevital)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Short-acting barbiturates like thiopental sodium and sodium methohexital are commonly used for anesthesia induction.
Why should the nurse closely monitor older adults when they are receiving IV therapy?
- A. Because their defense mechanisms are less efficient.
- B. Because they are prone to fluid overload.
- C. Because they are prone to increased renal efficiency.
- D. Because they have inadequate intake of dietary fiber.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because older adults are more susceptible to fluid overload due to decreased kidney function and other physiological changes.
Joan is diagnosed with a ruptured aneurysm. She wonders why this was not picked up in her annual physical. You respond by saying
- A. The physician must have misread the x-ray.
- B. The aneurysm must have developed since the physical.
- C. Aneurysms are often asymptomatic.
- D. Do not be too concerned because this happens all the time.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aneurysms can develop silently without noticeable symptoms.