Nokea
What is an example of a statement by the patient that indicates effective teaching by the nurse about methods to improve fertility?
- A. “Caffeine does not affect my fertility.”
- B. “I should start taking prenatal vitamins to increase my chances of conception.”
- C. “My partner should avoid any exercise while we are trying to conceive to avoid damaging the sperm.”
- D. “Smoking can increase my risk of miscarriage.”
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it accurately reflects the nurse's teaching on fertility. Smoking is known to have negative effects on fertility and can increase the risk of miscarriage. This statement shows that the patient has understood the information provided by the nurse regarding factors that could impact fertility.
A is incorrect because caffeine can actually affect fertility. B is incorrect because while taking prenatal vitamins is beneficial, it does not directly address fertility improvement. C is incorrect as exercise is generally beneficial for fertility and does not necessarily harm sperm.
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As relates to the structure and function of the placenta, the maternity nurse should be aware that:
- A. As the placenta widens, it gradually thins to allow easier passage of air and nutrients.
- B. As one of its early functions, the placenta acts as an endocrine gland.
- C. The placenta is able to keep out most potentially toxic substances such as cigarette smoke to which the mother is exposed.
- D. Optimal blood circulation is achieved through the placenta when the woman is lying on her back or standing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The placenta produces hormones necessary to maintain the pregnancy.
A female patient with a history of infertility is scheduled to have a hysterosalpingogram. Which findings can be detected with this procedure? Select all that apply.
- A. Tubal occlusions
- B. Uterine fibroids
- C. Cervical irritation
- D. Bicornate uterus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tubal occlusions. Hysterosalpingogram is a diagnostic imaging procedure used to evaluate the uterus and fallopian tubes. It can detect tubal occlusions by visualizing the flow of contrast dye through the fallopian tubes. Choice B, uterine fibroids, is incorrect as hysterosalpingogram does not specifically assess uterine fibroids. Choice C, cervical irritation, is also incorrect as this procedure focuses on the uterus and fallopian tubes, not the cervix. Choice D, bicornuate uterus, is incorrect as hysterosalpingogram primarily evaluates tubal patency and uterine cavity shape, not specific uterine anomalies like a bicornuate uterus.
The nurse is reviewing the schedule for the OB/GYN she works for. In reviewing a patient’s chart, the nurse notes the patient is 32 weeks pregnant, has hypertension, and had a previous fetal death. What test does the nurse anticipate the provider will order?
- A. a contraction stress test
- B. amniotic fluid index
- C. nonstress test
- D. fetal movement count
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: nonstress test. A nonstress test is used to assess fetal well-being by monitoring the baby's heart rate in response to its own movements. In this case, the patient's history of hypertension and previous fetal death indicate a higher risk pregnancy, making it important to monitor the baby's well-being. A contraction stress test (choice A) is not suitable for a patient with hypertension as it can induce contractions and potentially harm the baby. An amniotic fluid index (choice B) is used to evaluate amniotic fluid levels and is not specific to this patient's situation. Fetal movement count (choice D) assesses the baby's movements but does not provide real-time information on fetal well-being like a nonstress test does.
Why do infants born at 25 weeks' gestation have a poor survival rate?
- A. Cardiac development is incomplete.
- B. Fetal lung alveoli are not present in sufficient numbers.
- C. Gastrointestinal development is incomplete.
- D. Sucking reflex is not present.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because infants born at 25 weeks' gestation have a poor survival rate due to insufficient numbers of fetal lung alveoli. This leads to respiratory distress and difficulty in oxygen exchange, impacting their chances of survival. Choice A is incorrect as cardiac development is not the primary factor affecting survival. Choice C is incorrect as gastrointestinal development does not directly impact survival at this stage. Choice D is incorrect as the sucking reflex is not a critical factor in survival compared to respiratory function.
The nurse is assessing the knowledge of new parents with a child born with maple syrup urine disease (MSUD). This is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder, which means that:
- A. Both genes of a pair must be abnormal for the disorder to be expressed.
- B. Only one copy of the abnormal gene is required for the disorder to be expressed.
- C. The disorder occurs in males and heterozygous females.
- D. The disorder is carried on the X chromosome.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: MSUD is a type of autosomal recessive inheritance disorder in which both genes of a pair must be abnormal for the disorder to be expressed.