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What is cardiac power output (CPO) in a patient with acute anterior wall ST-elevation myocardial infarction and left ventricular failure? His mean arterial pressure was 60 mm Hg and cardiac output calculated on echo was 2.91l min−1.
- A. 0.48
- B. 0.38
- C. 0.58
- D. 0.68
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cardiac power output is calculated as (MAP × cardiac output) / 451. For the given values, the correct calculation gives a value of 0.58.
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A male client who had abdominal surgery 5 days ago, and hospitalized because of a surgical wound infection, tells the nurse that he feels like his insides just spilled out when he coughed. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Notify the healthcare provider
- B. Assure the client that such feelings occur with wound infections
- C. Visualize the abdominal incision
- D. Obtain sterile towels soaked in saline
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Visualizing the incision helps determine if dehiscence or evisceration has occurred, which requires immediate intervention.
A young female client with seven children is having frequent morning headaches, dizziness, and blurred vision. Her blood pressure (BP) is 168/104 mmHg. The client reports that her husband recently lost his job and she is not sleeping well. After administering a STAT dose of an antihypertensive IV medication, which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
- A. Measure urine output hourly to assess for rental perfusion
- B. Request a prescription for pain medication
- C. Use an automated BP machine to monitor for hypotension
- D. Provide a quiet environment with low lighting
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Monitoring blood pressure is crucial after administering an antihypertensive to ensure the client does not become hypotensive.
The nurse is evaluating a male client’s understanding of diet teaching about the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) eating plan. Which behavior indicates that the client is adhering to the eating plan?
- A. Uses only lactose-free dairy products
- B. Enjoys fat free yogurt as an occasional snack food
- C. No longer includes grains in his daily diet
- D. Carefully cleans and peels all fresh fruit and vegetables
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cleaning and peeling fruits and vegetables is consistent with the DASH plan, which promotes a high intake of fresh produce.
All the following are signs of coarctation of the aorta EXCEPT
- A. femoral pulses are weak or absent
- B. bounding pulses of the arms
- C. blood pressure in the legs is lower than that in the arms
- D. precordial impulse and heart sounds are usually normal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In coarctation of the aorta, femoral pulses are delayed or absent, not bounding.
Concerning Ebstein-Barr virus (infectious mononucleosis):
- A. Presence of petechiae between the hard and soft palate supports the diagnosis
- B. Typically a rash following administration of penicillin V occurs
- C. Guillain-Barre syndrome is a recognised sequel
- D. Hepatitis is common
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Petechiae between the hard and soft palate are a classic sign of infectious mononucleosis. A rash following penicillin V is also common, and Guillain-Barre syndrome is a rare complication.