Nokea
What is frenulum?
- A. It is the fold by which tongue is attached to the floor of oral cavity.
- B. It is uvula is present on pharyngeal wall
- C. It is a tonsil like structure on the lateral walls of palate
- D. It is V-shaped furrow which divides the surfaces of tongue
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The frenulum is a fold of tissue that anchors the tongue to the floor of the mouth.
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Which of the following glands produces saliva?
- A. pancreas
- B. thyroid
- C. pituitary
- D. parotid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The parotid gland is one of the major salivary glands that produce saliva, which initiates starch digestion and lubricates food.
All enzymes involved in protein digestion are:
- A. secreted by the pancreas
- B. activated by HCl
- C. present in the stomach
- D. secreted in an inactive form
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Protein-digesting enzymes like pepsinogen and trypsinogen are secreted in an inactive form and activated later.
When suggesting menu options to a group of senior citizens, the nurse is careful to include which of the following choices that would enhance normal physiology and prevent the problem of constipation?
- A. Whole grains
- B. Highly spiced or flavored foods
- C. Limiting fluids
- D. Salads and fresh fruits
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Whole grains increase fiber intake, promoting bowel regularity and preventing constipation.
Secretin is a hormone that:
- A. stimulates the release of pancreatic fluid
- B. converts trypsinogen into trypsin
- C. activates chymotrypsin
- D. inhibits the action of pancreatic lipase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Secretin stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich fluids to neutralize stomach acid.
Sieve plate is the found in the endothelium of:
- A. Hepatic sinusoids.
- B. Fenestrated capillaries of intestinal villi.
- C. Capillaries of islets of Langerhans.
- D. Lacteal lymphatic capillaries.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sieve plates are clusters of fenestrae in the endothelium of hepatic sinusoids, allowing plasma exchange with the space of Disse.