Nokea
What is ONE gene mutation typically associated with Marfan’s syndrome?
- A. FBN1
- B. ACTA2
- C. SIX2
- D. TGFBR2
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The FBN1 mutation is the most commonly identified genetic mutation associated with Marfan's syndrome.
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The following are causes of congestive heart failure and cardiomegaly during the newborn period but no murmur EXCEPT
- A. endocardial fibroelastosis
- B. asphyxia
- C. glycogen storage disease (Pompe disease)
- D. sepsis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sepsis can cause heart failure and cardiomegaly but often presents with other systemic signs.
What assessment(s) in a child with tetralogy of Fallot would indicate the child is experiencing a paroxysmal hypercyanotic episode? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Spontaneous cyanosis
- B. Dyspnea
- C. Weakness
- D. Dry cough
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Indicators of a paroxysmal hypercyanotic episode or a tet episode are spontaneous cyanosis, dyspnea, weakness, and syncope.
To reduce the risk for pulmonary complications for a client with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), what interventions should the nurse implement?
- A. Initiate passive range of motion exercises
- B. Establish a regular bladder routine
- C. Teach the client breathing exercises
- D. Perform chest physiotherapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Breathing exercises, chest physiotherapy, and use of an incentive spirometer can help reduce the risk of pulmonary complications in ALS by improving lung function.
Regarding reflex anoxic seizures in children:
- A. ECG-rhythm strip is a must
- B. Asystole may be associated
- C. There is increased risk of epilepsy in adults
- D. Carbamazepine is the drug of choice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reflex anoxic seizures in children are often triggered by a sudden noxious stimulus leading to transient asystole (cessation of heart activity). An ECG-rhythm strip is not always necessary there is no increased risk of epilepsy in adults and carbamazepine is not the drug of choice. Trauma can be a precipitating factor but the most relevant option is asystole.
A male client with diabetes mellitus (DM) is transferred from the hospital to a rehabilitation facility following treatment for a stroke with resulting right hemiplegia. He tells the nurse that his feet are always uncomfortably cool at night, preventing him from falling asleep. Which action should the nurse implement.
- A. Provide a warming pad (Aqua-pad or K-pad) to feet
- B. Medicate the client with a prescribed sedative
- C. Use a bed cradle to hold the covers off the feet
- D. Place warm blankets next to the client's feet
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Warm blankets can help improve circulation and provide comfort without the risk of burns associated with heating pads.