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What is one purpose of the Healthy People 2030 objectives?
- A. Stop world hunger.
- B. Prevent conflict and war in other countries.
- C. Address issues in health care to solve cancer.
- D. Recommend changes to increase health promotion and disease prevention.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the Healthy People 2030 objectives aim to recommend changes to increase health promotion and disease prevention. These objectives focus on improving the overall health of the population by setting specific targets and goals for health promotion and disease prevention strategies. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the Healthy People 2030 objectives are specifically designed to address public health issues within the United States, not worldwide hunger, conflict in other countries, or solely cancer-related issues.
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After describing the procedure and medical necessity, the nurse asks a 14-year-old child to assent to a skin graft. Which statement accurately describes the requirements for this type of assent?
- A. The age of assent occurs at 12 years old.
- B. It is not necessary to obtain assent from a minor for a procedure.
- C. A minor can dissent to a procedure but his or her wishes are not binding.
- D. In some cases, such as cases of significant morbidity or mortality, dissent may need to be overridden.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In some cases, such as cases of significant morbidity or mortality, dissent may need to be overridden. The age of assent depends on the child's developmental level, maturity, and psychological state.
A nurse is preparing a breast cancer presentation for a health forum. Which fact would the nurse expect to address in this presentation?
- A. Breast cancer is more advanced in Black women when found.
- B. Black women have the BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene.
- C. More Hispanic women smoke, which increases their risk.
- D. White women respond better to breast cancer treatment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: White women get breast cancer at a higher rate than Black women; however, Black women are more likely to die because they get breast cancer before 40 years of age, cancer is more advanced when found, and survival at every cancer stage is worse among Black women.
What must the woman do to ensure the effectiveness of the diaphragm?
- A. Does not use any cream or jelly with it.
- B. Douches promptly after its removal.
- C. Leaves it in place for 6 hours following intercourse.
- D. Inserts it at least 5 hours prior to having intercourse.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Leaving the diaphragm in place for 6 hours ensures spermicide effectiveness.
What procedure should a couple take if the man's penis becomes flaccid immediately after ejaculation?
- A. The woman should douche with white vinegar and water.
- B. The woman should consider taking a postcoital contraceptive.
- C. The man should hold the edges of the condom during its removal.
- D. The man should apply spermicide to the upper edges of the condom.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Holding the condom edges prevents semen leakage.
What statement by the nurse demonstrates an understanding of an ethical maternal-newborn dilemma?
- A. Female genital mutilation/cutting is a violation of human rights in the United States, but I can understand it is part of their culture.'
- B. I can't understand why the patient got mad when I checked her cervix. I just forgot to ask first.'
- C. Surrogacy should not happen because the surrogate is just in it for the money.'
- D. Every country should have abortion rights.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Answer A demonstrates an understanding of cultural relativism, acknowledging different cultural practices without condoning harmful acts. It respects cultural diversity while upholding human rights. Choices B, C, and D lack ethical consideration, empathy, and cultural sensitivity, making them incorrect. B shows a lack of respect for patient autonomy. C displays judgmental views on surrogacy. D oversimplifies a complex ethical issue. In summary, A is correct as it balances cultural understanding with the importance of human rights, while the other choices lack ethical awareness and sensitivity.