Nokea
What is one role of the hormone estrogen?
- A. Stimulates the development of the milk-producing tissue.
- B. Stimulates the production of lactoferrin.
- C. Stimulates the development of the nipple and duct system in the breast.
- D. Stimulates the secretion of relaxin.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Estrogen stimulates the development of the milk-producing tissue in the breast. This hormone is essential in preparing the breast for milk production. Choice B is incorrect because lactoferrin production is not a primary role of estrogen. Choice C is incorrect as estrogen primarily influences the development of the breast tissue rather than specifically the nipple and duct system. Choice D is incorrect because relaxin secretion is not a function typically associated with estrogen.
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Why is abortion important?
- A. It is easily conducted
- B. It can easily be diagnosed
- C. It causes serious complications such as infections and maternal death
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abortion is important due to the serious complications it can cause, such as infections and maternal death. Choices A and B are incorrect because ease of conducting or diagnosing abortion procedures does not inherently make abortion important. Choice D is incorrect because not all the options listed are reasons why abortion is important; only choice C highlights the critical aspect of potential complications.
Which component of reproductive health ensures the provision of quality reproductive health services at all levels of the health care system?
- A. Safe motherhood
- B. Adolescent health and development
- C. Health service delivery
- D. Reproductive health information
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Health service delivery is the component of reproductive health that specifically focuses on ensuring the provision of quality reproductive health services at all levels of the healthcare system. While safe motherhood and adolescent health are important aspects of reproductive health, they do not directly address the quality of health services delivery. Reproductive health information, although crucial, is not the component responsible for ensuring the quality of services provided.
Which one of the following is not associated with poor maternal outcome?
- A. APH
- B. PPH
- C. Cord prolapse
- D. Pre-eclampsia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cord prolapse is not typically associated with poor maternal outcomes. Acute placental hemorrhage (APH - choice A) and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH - choice B) can lead to maternal morbidity and mortality due to excessive blood loss. Pre-eclampsia (choice D) is a serious pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to other organ systems, which can result in severe maternal complications if not managed promptly. Cord prolapse, though concerning for fetal well-being, does not inherently pose direct risks to maternal health if managed appropriately, making it the correct answer in this context.
What is the purpose of Hysterosalpingo-contrast Sonography?
- A. Check a woman's tubes and is done with an X-ray and dye test called a hysterosalpingogram
- B. Detect Human Chorionic Gonadotrophic hormone (HCG) in urine or whole blood.
- C. Diagnose ovarian cancer using MRI technology.
- D. Detect cancer cells in the cervix.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hysterosalpingo-contrast Sonography is a test used to check a woman's fallopian tubes with an X-ray and dye test called a hysterosalpingogram. This test is specifically designed to evaluate the patency of the fallopian tubes and the uterine cavity. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the purpose of Hysterosalpingo-contrast Sonography.
Amniocentesis, a prenatal diagnostic test used to determine fetal sex, genetic anomalies, and biochemical abnormalities, is based on:
- A. The karyotyping of the amniotic fluid
- B. Chorionic villus sampling
- C. Umbilical cord blood sampling
- D. Ultrasound
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Amniocentesis involves the analysis of the fetal cells present in the amniotic fluid, which is extracted from the amniotic sac surrounding the developing fetus. This fluid contains cells shed by the fetus, which can be cultured and analyzed to obtain a karyotype, providing information about the fetal sex, genetic anomalies, and biochemical abnormalities. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because chorionic villus sampling involves obtaining a sample of the chorionic villi from the placenta, not the amniotic fluid; umbilical cord blood sampling is typically used for other purposes like assessing the baby's blood for infections or genetic disorders; and ultrasound is a diagnostic imaging technique that does not involve the analysis of fetal cells for genetic information.