Nokea
What is the advantage of sublingual route of administration of drugs
- A. Prevents first pass effect
- B. Easy to administer
- C. Lipid soluble
- D. Can be spitted out with signs of toxicity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sublingual administration bypasses hepatic first-pass metabolism.
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Which statement is not correct regarding acarbose:
- A. Is for internal use
- B. Inhibiting alfa glucosidase
- C. Inhibits carbohydrates absorbtion in the gut
- D. Is effective for diabetes mellitus type I
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acarbose is primarily effective for type 2 diabetes by delaying carbohydrate absorption, not type 1, which relies on insulin deficiency.
A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the medical record of a client who is pregnant and is at her first prenatal visit. Which of the following immunizations may the nurse administer safely to this client?
- A. Varicella vaccine
- B. Rubella vaccine
- C. Inactivated influenza vaccine
- D. Measles vaccine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inactivated influenza vaccine is safe in pregnancy; live vaccines (A, B, D) are contraindicated.
You are to infuse 1,200 mL of IV fluid over 6 hours using a drop factor of 10 gtt/mL. What is the flow rate in drops per minute?
- A. 30 gtt/min
- B. 33 gtt/min
- C. 40 gtt/min
- D. 50 gtt/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flow rate = (1,200 mL 10 gtt/mL) ÷ (6 60) = 12,000 ÷ 360 = 33.33 gtt/min, rounded to 33 gtt/min.
A 25-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of rapid heart rate and easy fatigability. Laboratory results reveal low hemoglobin levels and microcytic red blood cells. The most suitable therapy for her condition will be:
- A. Folic acid
- B. Epoiten alfa
- C. Ferrous sulfate
- D. Vitamin B12
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Microcytic anemia suggests iron deficiency; ferrous sulfate is the standard treatment.
Nonselective beta blockers and alcohol create serious drug interactions with insulin because they:
- A. Increase blood glucose levels
- B. Produce unexplained diaphoresis
- C. Interfere with the ability of the body to metabolize glucose
- D. Mask the signs and symptoms of altered glucose levels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nonselective beta blockers and alcohol mask hypoglycemia symptoms (e.g., tachycardia), complicating detection.