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Art is a 55-year-old smoker who has been diagnosed with angina and placed on nitrates. He complains of headaches after using his nitrate. An appropriate reply might be:
- A. This is a parasympathetic response to the vasodilating effects of the drug.
- B. Headaches are common side effects with these drugs. How severe are they?
- C. This is associated with your smoking. Let's work on having you stop smoking.
- D. This is not related to your medication. Are you under a lot of stress?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Headaches are a common nitrate side effect due to vasodilation.
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The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client. The nurse notes that the client is taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the medication prescription, the nurse would suspect that the client is being treated for:
- A. Acne
- B. Eczema
- C. Hair loss
- D. Herpes simplex
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to moderate acne. The acid appears to work by suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and decreasing the proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
During what phase of the nursing process would the nurse be required to consider the efficacy of nursing interventions related to drug therapy?
- A. Assessment
- B. Nursing diagnosis
- C. Interventions
- D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Evaluation assesses the effectiveness of interventions, including drug therapy outcomes, to determine if goals are met.
You are to infuse 1,200 mL of IV fluid over 6 hours using a drop factor of 10 gtt/mL. What is the flow rate in drops per minute?
- A. 30 gtt/min
- B. 33 gtt/min
- C. 40 gtt/min
- D. 50 gtt/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flow rate = (1,200 mL 10 gtt/mL) ÷ (6 60) = 12,000 ÷ 360 = 33.33 gtt/min, rounded to 33 gtt/min.
What would be the best source of drug information for a nurse?
- A. Drug Facts and Comparisons
- B. A nurse's drug guide
- C. A drug package insert
- D. The Physicians Drug Reference (PDR)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A nurse's drug guide provides nursing implications and patient teaching points that are most useful to nurses in addition to need-to-know drug information in a very user friendly organizational style. Lippincott's Nursing Drug Guide (LNDG) has drug monographs organized alphabetically and includes nursing implications and patient teaching points. Numerous other drug handbooks are also on the market and readily available for nurses to use. Although other drug reference books such as Drug Facts and Comparisons, PDR, and drug package inserts can all provide essential drug information, they will not contain nursing implications and teaching points and can be more difficult to use than nurse's drug guides.
A patient will begin taking streptomycin as part of the medication regimen to treat tuberculosis. Before administering this medication, the nurse will review which laboratory values in the patient's medical record?
- A. Complete blood count (CBC) with differential white cell count
- B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine
- C. Potassium and magnesium levels
- D. Serum fasting glucose
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Streptomycin risks nephrotoxicity, requiring renal function (BUN, creatinine) checks; CBC or electrolytes are less critical. Streptomycin can cause significant renal toxicity.