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What is the best nursing action for a newborn experiencing hypothermia?
- A. Place the newborn in skin-to-skin contact with the mother
- B. Provide a warm blanket and monitor temperature
- C. Administer IV fluids to stabilize temperature
- D. Monitor glucose levels for hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Place the newborn in skin-to-skin contact with the mother. This is the best nursing action for a newborn experiencing hypothermia because it provides immediate and effective warmth transfer from the mother to the baby. Skin-to-skin contact helps regulate the newborn's body temperature, promotes bonding, and enhances breastfeeding initiation.
Choice B is incorrect because while providing a warm blanket is important, skin-to-skin contact with the mother is more effective in quickly raising the newborn's temperature. Choice C is incorrect because administering IV fluids is not the first-line treatment for hypothermia in newborns. Choice D is incorrect because monitoring glucose levels for hypoglycemia is important but addressing the hypothermia should take precedence.
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Which herbs would you counsel a lactating client to use to stimulate blood flow to the breast glands, stimulate milk production, and enrich milk flow?
- A. Milk thistle
- B. Cabbage juice
- C. Lanolin
- D. Aloe vera
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cabbage juice. Cabbage juice contains phytoestrogens that help stimulate blood flow to the breast glands and promote milk production. It is used traditionally to increase milk supply in lactating women. Milk thistle (A) is more commonly used for liver health and not specifically for lactation. Lanolin (C) is a topical ointment for sore nipples, not for milk production. Aloe vera (D) is not recommended for internal use during lactation due to potential laxative effects. In summary, cabbage juice is the best choice as it directly supports milk production and flow in lactating clients.
A client at 12 weeks' gestation reports nausea and vomiting. What is the best dietary advice?
- A. Eat three large meals a day.
- B. Drink fluids with meals.
- C. Consume small, frequent meals throughout the day.
- D. Avoid protein-rich foods.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Consume small, frequent meals throughout the day. This advice helps manage nausea and vomiting during pregnancy by preventing an empty stomach, which can worsen symptoms. Eating small, frequent meals helps stabilize blood sugar levels and provides a steady source of nutrients for the developing fetus. It also reduces the likelihood of triggering nausea by avoiding large meals. Drinking fluids with meals (choice B) may exacerbate symptoms by filling up the stomach too quickly. Eating three large meals a day (choice A) can lead to overeating and may worsen nausea. Avoiding protein-rich foods (choice D) is not recommended as protein is essential for fetal development and overall health during pregnancy.
The nurse is caring for a client in labor with a history of cesarean delivery. What is a priority assessment?
- A. Assess for signs of uterine rupture.
- B. Monitor maternal temperature hourly.
- C. Check for signs of preeclampsia.
- D. Assess for excessive fetal movement.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess for signs of uterine rupture. This is the priority assessment because a history of cesarean delivery puts the client at higher risk for uterine rupture during labor. Signs of uterine rupture include severe abdominal pain, abnormal fetal heart rate patterns, and vaginal bleeding. Early detection and intervention are crucial for the safety of both the mother and the baby. Monitoring maternal temperature (B) is important but not as critical as assessing for uterine rupture. Checking for signs of preeclampsia (C) is also important but not a priority in this specific scenario. Assessing for excessive fetal movement (D) is not a priority assessment in this case.
In a 28-day menstrual cycle, when does ovulation typically occur?
- A. around day 7
- B. around day 14
- C. around day 21
- D. around day 28
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: around day 14. Ovulation typically occurs around day 14 in a 28-day menstrual cycle. This is because ovulation usually happens around 14 days before the start of the next menstrual period. This timing aligns with the midpoint of the menstrual cycle, which is around day 14. Ovulation is the release of an egg from the ovary, marking the most fertile period for conception. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because ovulation does not typically occur on day 7, day 21, or day 28 in a 28-day menstrual cycle.
The nurse encourages the patient to begin taking folate prior to trying to conceive. Why would the nurse encourage folate intake?
- A. Taking folate increases the chances of conceiving.
- B. Folate helps prevent neural tube defects.
- C. The nurse is preparing the patient to take vitamins during pregnancy.
- D. Folate decreases miscarriage.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Folate helps prevent neural tube defects. Folate is crucial for fetal development, particularly in preventing neural tube defects like spina bifida. It should be taken before conception to ensure adequate levels early in pregnancy. A: Taking folate does not directly increase the chances of conceiving. C: The nurse is not preparing the patient to take vitamins during pregnancy, but to prevent birth defects. D: Folate may reduce the risk of certain pregnancy complications but does not directly decrease miscarriage rates.