Nokea
What is the best way to define a handicap?
- A. Any loss of function
- B. A disability that interferes with one's normal functioning
- C. Any loss of ability to perform activities of daily living
- D. An irreversible lifelong impairment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A handicap is a disadvantage for a given individual from an impairment that limits his or her role performance. A particular handicap for one person might not pose any handicap for another with the same disability. An impairment is a loss of function. A functional limitation is a disability that interferes with one's normal functioning. A chronic illness is an irreversible lifelong impairment.
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When the nurse observes a patient experiencing a severe episode of autonomic dysreflexia, what should be the initial intervention?
- A. Locate the cause of irritation.
- B. Assess the blood pressure.
- C. Cover the patient with several blankets.
- D. Raise the head of the bed to a high Fowler's position.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The head of the bed should be raised immediately. Raising the head of the bed will reduce the blood pressure. Finding the cause of the episode is secondary to preventing the possibility of a stroke from the hypertension.
A patient with quadriplegia resulting from a spinal cord injury says to the rehabilitation nurse, 'I'm sick of this therapy! What is an occupational therapist going to do for me? Can she give me an 'occupation'?' What response by the nurse would be the most helpful?
- A. No, but the occupational therapist can show you how to enjoy some recreational activities.
- B. Yes, in a way. The occupational therapist provides training that strengthens muscles you can still control.
- C. Maybe. The occupational therapist recommends adaptive equipment that will make you more independent.
- D. No, the voc-rehab counselor helps with employment. The occupational therapist helps train you for improved communication skills.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The occupational therapist recommends adaptive equipment or helps in modifying skills to enhance independence.
The spinal cord injury patient has paralysis of all extremities and bowel and bladder disturbance. The nurse recognizes the injury as most likely occurring at what vertebral level?
- A. C1 to C2
- B. C3 to C4
- C. C2 to C7
- D. C4 to C7
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The vertebral level of injury for a cervical cord is C2 to C7 if the patient has paralysis of all extremities and trunk, and has lost control of bowel and bladder function.
The nurse takes special care to be gentle in caring for patients with spinal cord injuries to avoid stimulating the autonomic nervous system and triggering which condition?
- A. Paresis
- B. Heterotopic ossification
- C. Postural hypotension
- D. Autonomic dysreflexia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Autonomic dysreflexia is a sudden and extreme elevation in blood pressure caused by a reflex action of the autonomic nervous system. It is the result of stimulation of the body below the level of the spinal cord injury.
The nurse is caring for a victim of posttraumatic stress syndrome. The nurse identifies which techniques as examples of therapeutic communication?
- A. Listening
- B. Reframing
- C. Characterizing
- D. Normalizing responses
- E. Working to develop trust
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: The techniques of therapeutic communication that are important to use with the PTSD patient are listening, reframing, normalizing responses, and working to develop trust.