Nokea
What is the fundamental unit of life?
- A. Atom
- B. Cell
- C. Tissue
- D. Organ
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: Cell.' Cells are indeed the fundamental unit of life as they are responsible for all living functions, including growth, reproduction, and maintaining homeostasis. While atoms are the basic building blocks of matter, cells are the smallest structural and functional unit of living organisms. Choices C and D, tissue and organ respectively, are composed of multiple cells working together and are not considered the basic unit of life.
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What propels the cell forward?
- A. Microfilaments
- B. Propulsion
- C. Cilia
- D. Flagella
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Propulsion, not microfilaments, cilia, or flagella, is what drives the cell forward. Propulsion is the force or process that propels the cell forward and allows it to move within its environment. Microfilaments are involved in cell structure, cilia are small hair-like structures for movement, and flagella are tail-like structures used for cell propulsion in some organisms.
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes align in the center of the cell?
- A. Prophase
- B. Metaphase
- C. Telophase
- D. Anaphase
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Metaphase. During Metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the center of the cell's equator, forming the metaphase plate. This alignment ensures that during the subsequent phase, Anaphase, the sister chromatids can separate and move towards opposite poles. Prophase is the initial phase of mitosis where chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope breaks down. Telophase is the final phase of mitosis where two new nuclei form.
What is the most important component of the cell, contributing to protection, communication, and the passage of substances?
- A. Cytoplasm
- B. Cell Membrane
- C. Cytoskeleton
- D. Vacuole
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cell membrane is the correct answer. It is the most important component of the cell as it provides protection, facilitates communication, and regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell. The cytoplasm (Choice A) is the gel-like substance within the cell that holds organelles, but it is not primarily responsible for the functions mentioned in the question. The cytoskeleton (Choice C) provides structural support to the cell but is not directly involved in protection, communication, or substance passage. Vacuoles (Choice D) are responsible for storage and maintaining turgor pressure but do not play a primary role in the functions specified in the question.
Where is the slide typically placed on a microscope?
- A. Eyepiece
- B. Stage
- C. Focus knob
- D. Objective lens
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The slide is typically placed on the stage of a microscope. The stage is the platform where the slide containing the specimen is positioned for viewing. The eyepiece is where you look through to view the specimen, the focus knob is used to sharpen the image, and the objective lens is responsible for magnification. Therefore, the correct answer is the stage.
What is the process by which cells divide to form two identical daughter cells?
- A. Mitosis
- B. Meiosis
- C. Binary Fission
- D. Cellular Division
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Mitosis. Mitosis is the process in which a cell divides to form two identical daughter cells. Choice B, Meiosis, is a type of cell division that results in four non-identical daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes. Choice C, Binary Fission, is a form of asexual reproduction used by prokaryotic organisms. Choice D, Cellular Division, is a general term that encompasses various processes of cell division, but specifically, mitosis refers to the division resulting in two identical daughter cells.