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What is the initial step when addressing an ethically challenging situation?
- A. Identify all those who are involved in the situation.
- B. Review the overall situation to identify the core issues.
- C. Gather all the relevant facts about the situations.
- D. Determine what the ethical dilemma is.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Review the overall situation to identify the core issues. This is the initial step when addressing an ethically challenging situation because it allows you to gain a comprehensive understanding of the situation before delving into specific details. By reviewing the overall situation, you can identify the key ethical issues at play and prioritize which aspects need to be addressed first. This step sets the foundation for developing an effective strategy to navigate the ethical dilemma.
Incorrect answers:
A: Identifying all those involved is important, but it should come after reviewing the situation.
C: Gathering facts is necessary, but reviewing the overall situation should precede this step.
D: Determining the ethical dilemma is crucial, but it is more effective to first review the entire situation to fully grasp the complexities before pinpointing the ethical issue.
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The new director of nurses has instituted "walking rounds" on all nursing units, rather than the usual taped shift reports. A veteran nurse exclaims, "She doesn't know how we do things here!" The nurse is demonstrating:
- A. appeal to emotion.
- B. appeal to tradition.
- C. red herring.
- D. straw man.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: appeal to tradition. The veteran nurse is objecting to the change in practice solely because it deviates from the usual way of doing things. This demonstrates a reliance on tradition rather than considering the potential benefits of the new approach. The appeal to tradition fallacy assumes that something is better or correct simply because it is the traditional way.
Incorrect choices:
A: Appeal to emotion - This choice involves manipulating emotions to win an argument, which is not evident in the scenario.
C: Red herring - This choice involves diverting attention from the real issue, which is not the case in the scenario.
D: Straw man - This choice involves misrepresenting the opponent's argument to make it easier to attack, which is not demonstrated in the scenario.
A new graduate nurse is applying for the exciting first position and states, "I am only applying to Magnet hospitals because those work environments:
- A. attract physicians who are the best health care providers to improve quality of care."
- B. require all registered nurses to be certified in the area of practice."
- C. not only attract but also retain professional nurses."
- D. discourage nurses from advancing their current level of education and I don't want to return to school for many years."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because Magnet hospitals are recognized for their ability to not only attract but also retain professional nurses. These hospitals create a positive work environment that values and supports nursing staff, leading to higher job satisfaction and lower turnover rates. Choice A is incorrect because while Magnet hospitals may attract top healthcare providers, it's not solely focused on physicians. Choice B is incorrect as certification is not a mandatory requirement for all RNs in Magnet hospitals. Choice D is incorrect as Magnet hospitals actually encourage nurses to advance their education and professional development.
Cover letters:
- A. should signify an interest in the employer and let the employer know that you took time to research the organization.
- B. must be handwritten so the employer can determine whether charting will be legible.
- C. should be limited to one paragraph because time is of the essence.
- D. let the employer know your desired salary, shift, and area of practice.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a cover letter should express genuine interest in the employer and show that you have taken the time to understand their organization. This demonstrates professionalism and a tailored approach. Choice B is incorrect because handwritten letters are rarely used in the digital age, and legibility is not a primary concern. Choice C is incorrect as cover letters should provide sufficient information to showcase qualifications, not limited to one paragraph. Choice D is incorrect because revealing desired salary, shift, and area of practice is typically done during the interview process, not in the initial application.
A nurse practicing on a unit where domestic violence is common wants to learn how to apply nursing theory to practice on this unit. She considers the interrelatedness of the constructs of Watson's Theory of Caring and designs:
- A. conceptual model of caring.
- B. hypothesis of the impact of caring on domestic violence.
- C. proposition of how caring is conceptualized.
- D. theory of scientific inquiry.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: conceptual model of caring. In this scenario, the nurse wants to apply nursing theory to practice in a unit dealing with domestic violence. Watson's Theory of Caring emphasizes the importance of the nurse-patient relationship, which is central when addressing sensitive issues like domestic violence. By considering the interrelatedness of the constructs of this theory, the nurse can develop a conceptual model that guides her practice in providing caring and compassionate care to domestic violence survivors. This model will help her incorporate key elements of caring, such as empathy and respect, into her nursing interventions.
Summary:
B: Hypothesis of the impact of caring on domestic violence - This choice is incorrect as it focuses on the impact of caring on domestic violence, rather than the application of a nursing theory to practice.
C: Proposition of how caring is conceptualized - This choice is incorrect as it only addresses the conceptualization of caring, not the practical application of a nursing theory to practice.
D: Theory of scientific
When the novice nurse asks, "What will happen if this task is not completed," which skill is being demonstrated?
- A. Priority setting
- B. Delegation
- C. Organization
- D. Clinical skills
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The novice nurse is demonstrating priority setting by asking about the consequences of not completing a task. This skill involves determining the most crucial tasks to be completed first based on their potential impact on patient outcomes. By understanding the implications of task completion, the nurse can effectively prioritize their workload. Delegation involves assigning tasks to others, organization involves arranging tasks in a systematic way, and clinical skills refer to the technical abilities in providing patient care. These skills are not directly demonstrated by the nurse's question about the consequences of task completion.