Nokea
What is the main reason desflurane (Suprane) and sevoflurane (Ultane), volatile liquid anesthesia agents, are used for surgical clients who go home the day of surgery?
- A. These agents are better tolerated.
- B. These agents are predictable in their cardiovascular effects.
- C. These agents are nonirritating to the respiratory tract.
- D. These agents are rapidly eliminated.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Desflurane and sevoflurane are rapidly eliminated, allowing quicker recovery and discharge, which is ideal for same-day surgery patients.
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The client is a survivor of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Which of the following statements indicates the client needs additional information?
- A. Regular screening is very important for me.'
- B. The survivor rate is directly proportional to the incidence of second malignancy.'
- C. The survivor rate is indirectly proportional to the incidence of second malignancy.'
- D. It is important for survivors to know the stage of the disease and their current treatment plan.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The survival rate for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is inversely proportional to the incidence of second malignancies, as secondary cancers reduce survival. The statement that it is directly proportional indicates a misunderstanding. Regular screening, knowing disease stage, and treatment plans are correct.
For the client who is experiencing expressive aphasia, which nursing intervention is most helpful in promoting communication?
- A. Speaking loudly.
- B. Using a picture board.
- C. Writing directions so client can read them.
- D. Speaking in short sentences.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A picture board is most helpful for expressive aphasia, allowing the client to point to images to communicate needs. Speaking loudly, writing directions, or short sentences are less effective for clients unable to verbalize.
The nurse monitors the client with pancreatitis for early signs of shock. Which of the following conditions is primarily responsible for making it difficult to manage shock in pancreatitis?
- A. Severity of intestinal hemorrhage.
- B. Loss of fluids into the retroperitoneal space.
- C. Infection from pancreatic necrosis.
- D. Decreased cardiac output.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fluid sequestration into the retroperitoneal space (B) causes significant hypovolemia in pancreatitis, complicating shock management. Intestinal hemorrhage (A), infection (C), and cardiac output (D) are secondary or less common contributors.
A nurse is planning care for a client who underwent a percutaneous needle biopsy of the kidney. What should the nurse plan to do immediately after the biopsy? Select all that apply.
- A. Assess the biopsy site.
- B. Take vital signs every hour.
- C. Assess urine for hematuria.
- D. Place the client in a prone position.
- E. Assess the client for chest pain.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Assessing the biopsy site, urine for hematuria, and placing the client prone help monitor for bleeding and promote hemostasis post-biopsy.
The nurse conducts a review course on older adults and medication elimination/excretion. It would be appropriate for the nurse to note which factor may impact drug elimination? Select all that apply.
- A. Diminished glomerular filtration
- B. Decreased hepatic enzyme functioning
- C. Decreased peristalsis
- D. Lower pH of the gastric secretions
- E. Increased acidity of the gastric secretions
- F. Low functioning nephrons
Correct Answer: A,B,F
Rationale: Diminished glomerular filtration, decreased hepatic function, and low-functioning nephrons impair drug elimination in older adults.