Nokea
What is the major cause of cardiac valve disease in past years?
- A. Rheumatic fever
- B. Long history of malnutrition
- C. Drug abuse
- D. Obesity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rheumatic fever, a streptococcal infection, was the major cause of cardiac valve disease in past years.
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A 70 year female patient arrives to the emergency department, reporting nausea, vomiting, fatigue and abdominal discomfort. The health care provider requests myocardial infarction (MI) protocols to begin. For which reason is this protocol beginning?
- A. The provider is concerned a lawsuit could occur due to missed diagnosis.
- B. Women tend to have less classic symptoms of a myocardial infarction.
- C. Women are more likely to die from breast or cervical cancer than an MI.
- D. The troponin I level is not as accurate for females as it is in male patients.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Women experiencing an MI tend to experience symptoms that are unrelated to chest pain: nausea, vomiting, fatigue, indigestion, shortness of breath, and upper back or abdominal discomfort.
The process by which a heart is shocked from a persistent arrhythmia back into sinus rhythm is called a
Correct Answer: cardioversion
Rationale: Cardioversion is the restoration of the heart's normal sinus rhythm with the delivery of synchronized electric shock.
The nurse assesses that the home health patient has no signs or symptoms of heart failure, but does have a history of rheumatic fever and has been recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The nurse is aware that using the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) staging, this patient would be in which stage?
- A. stage A.
- B. stage B.
- C. stage C.
- D. stage D.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ACC/AHA staging describes stage A as a person without symptoms of heart failure, but with primary conditions associated with the development of the disease.
The home health nurse caring for a patient with infective endocarditis overhears the patient making a dental appointment for an extraction next month. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask?
- A. Do you have a toothache?'
- B. Have you contacted your health care provider about your dental appointment?'
- C. Is your dentist board certified?'
- D. Do you think you should wait that long for your tooth extraction?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients with endocarditis are put on a protocol of prophylactic antibiotics for any invasive procedure. The dentist and health care provider should be contacted before the extraction.
The cardiac marker rises 3 hours after a myocardial infarct and measures myocardial contractile protein.
Correct Answer: troponin I
Rationale: Troponin I is a serum cardiac marker that rises 3 hours after an MI and can measure myocardial contractile tissue. Troponin I is not affected by skeletal muscle injury as is troponin T.