Nokea
What is the minimum acceptable hourly urine output?
- A. 15 mL
- B. 30 mL
- C. 60 mL
- D. 90 mL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The minimum acceptable hourly urine output is 30 mL to indicate adequate kidney function.
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In addition to collecting all urine passed in a 24-hour period, one of the most important steps in obtaining a 24-hour urine sample is to
- A. Have the patient void, discard this urine, note the time, and then begin collecting.
- B. Begin the collection at 8:00 a.m.
- C. Make sure there is a preservative in the collection bottle.
- D. Keep the sample at room temperature.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Discarding the first void and noting the time ensures the 24-hour collection period is accurately timed.
You will need to push back the foreskin before catheterizing uncircumcised males. After you catheterize the patient, you should
- A. Pull the foreskin back over the glans.
- B. Leave the foreskin retracted.
- C. Lubricate the foreskin with petroleum jelly and then replace it.
- D. Elevate the penis on a folded towel to prevent swelling of the foreskin or glans.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Replacing the foreskin over the glans after catheterization prevents paraphimosis, a condition where the retracted foreskin causes swelling.
Total incontinence
- A. Incontinence related to inability to get to the bathroom
- B. The brain does not receive a message that the bladder is full
- C. Incontinence related to bladder spasms and contractions
- D. The bladder does not empty because of an obstruction
- E. Incontinence related to weak pelvic floor muscles
- F. Loss of urine with no warning
Correct Answer: F
Rationale: Total incontinence involves continuous urine leakage without warning or control.
Number in order the path of urine through the urinary system.
- A. Bladder
- B. Urinary meatus
- C. Kidney
- D. Urethra
- E. Ureter
Correct Answer: C,E,A,D,B
Rationale: Urine is produced in the kidney (1), flows through the ureter (2) to the bladder (3), then through the urethra (4) to the urinary meatus (5).
Under what circumstances is it appropriate to use an indwelling catheter in a long-term care setting?
- A. If the patient has a stage I or stage II pressure ulcer
- B. If the patient has a stage III or stage IV pressure ulcer
- C. If the patient is continuously incontinent of urine and is at risk for pressure ulcers
- D. If the patient has a terminal illness
- E. If the patient has a severe impairment such that positioning and clothing changes are painful
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Indwelling catheters are appropriate for severe incontinence risking pressure ulcers, terminal illness, or when positioning causes significant pain.